Executive

Ministry of Law, Justice and Parliamentary Affairsकानून, न्याय तथा संसदीय मामिला मन्त्रालय

Minister for Law, Justice and Parliamentary Affairsकानून, न्याय तथा संसदीय मामिला मन्त्रीसोविता गौतम
Sobita Gautamas of 2026-10-11Photo: opmcm.gov.np

Drafts government laws, gives legal opinion on treaties, and handles parliamentary affairs and the administration of justice.सरकारका कानुनको मस्यौदा, सन्धि सम्झौतामा कानुनी राय, संसदीय मामिला र न्याय प्रशासन हेर्छ।

Official website

What it must do

Draft, or give consent to, federal bills, ordinances, rules, orders and government directives and procedures; present government bills to Parliament; and authenticate and publish federal laws and the Nepal Gazette.सङ्घीय विधेयक, अध्यादेश, नियम, गठन आदेश र नेपाल सरकारका निर्देशिका तथा कार्यविधिको मस्यौदा वा सहमति; सरकारी विधेयक संसदमा पेस; र सङ्घीय कानुन तथा नेपाल राजपत्रको प्रमाणीकरण, सम्पादन र प्रकाशन। Nepal Gazette Schedule 2, entry 5 (कानून, न्याय तथा संसदीय मामिला मन्त्रालय), items 1-4 and 7 (p.17), 16 (p.18)
Give legal opinions, handle government litigation, and advise on treaties and international law, including ratification, mutual legal assistance and the central record of treaties.कानुनी राय र परामर्श, सरकारी मुद्दा, सन्धि सम्झौता र अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय कानुनसम्बन्धी राय, पारस्परिक कानुनी सहायता र सन्धिको केन्द्रीय अभिलेख। Nepal Gazette Schedule 2, entry 5, items 6 and 8-10 (p.17), 12-13 and 23 (p.18)
Support the justice system: liaison with the Supreme Court, Judicial Council, Judicial Service Commission and lower courts; research on the national justice system; legal aid; and regulation of legal practitioners and notaries public.न्याय प्रणालीमा सहयोग: सर्वोच्च अदालत, न्याय परिषद्, न्याय सेवा आयोग र मातहत अदालतसम्बन्धी काम; राष्ट्रिय न्याय प्रणालीको अध्ययन; कानुनी सहायता; र कानुन व्यवसायी तथा नोटरी पब्लिकसम्बन्धी विषय। Nepal Gazette Schedule 2, entry 5, item 5 (p.17), items 11 and 19-21 (p.18)
Handle parliamentary affairs and relations with the Federal Parliament; oversee the Nepal Law Commission and the National Judicial Academy; and handle the Truth and Reconciliation Commission and the Commission of Investigation on Enforced Disappeared Persons.सङ्घीय संसदको कार्यसञ्चालन तथा सम्पर्क; नेपाल कानुन आयोग र राष्ट्रिय न्यायिक प्रतिष्ठान; र सत्य निरूपण तथा मेलमिलाप आयोग र बेपत्ता पारिएका व्यक्तिको छानबिन आयोगसम्बन्धी काम। Nepal Gazette Schedule 2, entry 5, items 26-27 (p.18), 28-29 (p.19)

Budget 2083/84

Rs 0.58 billionरु. ५८ करोड · 0.03%०.०३ प्रतिशत of the federal budget

Total allocation including money the ministry spends through provinces and local levels. Budget estimate, not actual spending.प्रदेश र स्थानीय तहमार्फत खर्च हुने रकमसमेत गरी कुल विनियोजन। यो बजेट अनुमान हो, वास्तविक खर्च होइन।

Ministry of Finance Annex 4 'मन्त्रालयगत व्यय अनुमान (वित्तीय व्यवस्था सहित)', row 311, PDF p.58 (Rs lakh); checked against the page image

What it has delivered

In FY 2080/81 the ministry gave 141 opinions or consents, including opinions on 102 draft agreements with countries and development partners and 12 legal opinions; it holds records of 1,178 international treaties.आ.व. २०८०/८१ मा मन्त्रालयले १४१ राय/सहमति दियो, जसमा देश तथा दातृ निकायसँगका १०२ सम्झौता मस्यौदामा राय र १२ कानुनी राय छन्; मन्त्रालयसँग १,१७८ अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय सन्धि सम्झौताको अभिलेख छ। 141 opinions; 1,178 treaties on record (FY 2080/81 (BS)) Office of the Auditor General Law, Justice and Parliamentary Affairs chapter, para 7, printed p.244 (PDF p.274)
Transitional-justice bodies have issued victim identity cards: 618 by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (which registered 63,718 complaints), and 2,557 people from 1,349 families by the Commission on Enforced Disappearance (3,288 complaints).सङ्क्रमणकालीन न्यायका आयोगले पीडित परिचयपत्र दिएका छन्: सत्य निरूपण तथा मेलमिलाप आयोगले (६३,७१८ उजुरी दर्ता) ६१८ जनालाई, र बेपत्ता पारिएका व्यक्तिको छानबिन आयोगले (३,२८८ उजुरी) १,३४९ परिवारका २,५५७ जनालाई। 618 and 2,557 victim ID cards (to FY 2080/81 (BS)) Office of the Auditor General Law, Justice and Parliamentary Affairs chapter, paras 8-9, printed pp.244-245 (PDF pp.274-275)
A UNDP-supported 'Access to Justice' project (2021-2026) to strengthen legal aid for women and marginalised groups is being run with four provincial governments; Rs 170.6 million was spent on it in FY 2080/81.महिला र सीमान्तकृत समुदायको न्यायमा पहुँच बढाउन युएनडीपीको सहयोगमा 'न्यायमा पहुँच अभिवृद्धि' परियोजना (२०२१-२०२६) चार प्रदेशसँग मिलेर सञ्चालनमा छ; आ.व. २०८०/८१ मा यसमा रु. १७ करोड ६ लाख खर्च भयो। Rs 170.6 million (FY 2080/81 (BS)) Office of the Auditor General Law, Justice and Parliamentary Affairs chapter, para 3, printed p.243 (PDF p.273)

Challenges

Transitional justice is still in progress: according to the Auditor General, the two commissions' mandates have been extended repeatedly; of 538 reparation recommendations, payment reached only 29 people (Rs 2.32 million); and complaints have not been resolved as the Act requires. The 2080/81 budget promise to complete the peace process through them has not yet been met.सङ्क्रमणकालीन न्यायको काम अझै जारी छ: महालेखापरीक्षकका अनुसार दुवै आयोगको म्याद पटक-पटक थपिएको छ; परिपूरणका ५३८ सिफारिसमध्ये २९ जनाले मात्र रु. २३ लाख २० हजार पाए; र ऐनअनुसार उजुरी टुङ्गिएका छैनन्। आ.व. २०८०/८१ को बजेटले भनेअनुसार शान्ति प्रक्रियाको बाँकी काम सम्पन्न हुन बाँकी छ। Office of the Auditor General Law, Justice and Parliamentary Affairs chapter, paras 4 and 8-9, printed pp.243-245 (PDF pp.273-275)
Budget execution and reporting need strengthening: the Auditor General reports that the ministry and its offices spent 40.45% of their budget in FY 2080/81; a bill on an integrated legal-aid policy promised in the budget was not tabled; and spending on the donor-funded justice project was not disclosed in the consolidated financial statement.बजेट कार्यान्वयन र प्रतिवेदन सुदृढ गर्नुपर्ने: महालेखापरीक्षकका अनुसार आ.व. २०८०/८१ मा मन्त्रालय र मातहत कार्यालयले बजेटको ४०.४५ प्रतिशत मात्र खर्च गरे; बजेटले भनेको एकीकृत कानुनी सहायता नीतिसम्बन्धी विधेयक पेस भएन; र दातृ सहयोगको न्यायसम्बन्धी परियोजनाको खर्च एकीकृत वित्तीय विवरणमा खुलाइएन। Office of the Auditor General Law, Justice and Parliamentary Affairs chapter, paras 3-5, printed pp.243-244 (PDF pp.273-274)
Treaty reporting takes longer than planned: a government study found that some periodic reports to UN treaty committees stay pending for long periods because of frequent government changes, inter-agency coordination and data systems that need strengthening, and recommended a permanent coordination mechanism of the Prime Minister's Office, the law and foreign ministries and line ministries.सन्धि प्रतिवेदनमा समय लाग्छ: सरकारी अध्ययनअनुसार बारम्बार सरकार परिवर्तन, अन्तरनिकाय समन्वय र तथ्याङ्क प्रणाली सुदृढ हुन बाँकी रहेकाले संयुक्त राष्ट्रसङ्घीय सन्धि समितिमा पठाउनुपर्ने केही आवधिक प्रतिवेदन लामो समय बाँकी रहन्छन्; प्रधानमन्त्री कार्यालय, कानुन र परराष्ट्र मन्त्रालय तथा सम्बन्धित मन्त्रालय रहेको स्थायी संयन्त्र बनाउन सुझाइएको छ। Ministry of Finance Box 12(a), printed pp.181-182 (PDF pp.213-214)

Opportunities

Bring the remaining tasks of the peace process and transitional justice to a conclusion as soon as possible.शान्ति प्रक्रिया र सङ्क्रमणकालीन न्यायसम्बन्धी बाँकी काम छिटो टुङ्ग्याउने। Ministry of Finance Para 62(b), printed p.41 (PDF p.43)
Expand the electronic court management system and run free legal aid for underprivileged citizens and people in remote areas; make a law on conflict of interest to curb policy corruption.विद्युतीय अदालत व्यवस्थापन प्रणाली विस्तार गर्ने र विपन्न तथा दुर्गम क्षेत्रका नागरिकलाई निःशुल्क कानुनी सहायता दिने; नीतिगत भ्रष्टाचार रोक्न स्वार्थको द्वन्द्वसम्बन्धी कानुन बनाउने। Ministry of Finance Para 62(a) (printed p.41, PDF p.43); para 61(a) (printed p.40, PDF p.42)

Sources

Last checked 2026-10-11