- Type
- Act
- Year
- २०७५ BS · 2018 AD
- Status
- In force
- Category
- खण्ड १२: खाद्य, कृषि, सहकारी तथा भूमि प्रशासन · Volume 12: Food, Agriculture, Cooperative and Land Administration
- Official text
- Official page Official text (PDF)
- English translation
- Official English translation archived copy: the original page is no longer online
Translations may not include later amendments. The Nepali text is the authoritative law.
Used on our issue pages
Analysis drawn from official reports, court rulings and published research, each cited. Figures are being double-checked against the source documents; corrections are welcome.
What does it do?
- The Act gives effect to the constitutional rights to food, food security and food sovereignty. Every citizen has the right to adequate, nutritious and quality food without discrimination, to be free from hunger and from life-threatening food shortage, and to culturally acceptable food; food sovereignty includes taking part in food policy-making and choosing one's occupation, land, seeds and technology in food production. The federal, provincial and local governments must jointly respect, protect and fulfil these rights and act to prevent and control famine.यस ऐनले खाद्य, खाद्य सुरक्षा र खाद्य सम्प्रभुतासम्बन्धी संवैधानिक हक कार्यान्वयन गर्छ। प्रत्येक नागरिकलाई विनाभेदभाव पर्याप्त, पोषणयुक्त र गुणस्तरीय खाद्यमा पहुँच, भोकबाट मुक्ति, खाद्य अभावले जीवन जोखिममा पर्ने अवस्थाबाट सुरक्षा र सांस्कृतिक रूपमा स्वीकार्य खाद्य उपयोग गर्ने हक छ; खाद्य सम्प्रभुताभित्र खाद्य नीति निर्माणमा सहभागी हुने र खाद्य उत्पादनमा पेसा, जमिन, बीउ र प्रविधि छान्ने अधिकार पर्छ। संघ, प्रदेश र स्थानीय तहले मिलेर यी हकको सम्मान, संरक्षण र परिपूर्ति गर्नुपर्छ र भोकमरी रोकथाम गर्नुपर्छ। Nepal Law Commission (lawcommission.gov.np), consolidated official text Preamble; Section 2(ङ)–(च), pp. 1–2; Sections 3–4, pp. 2–3
- Local governments must identify households at risk of food insecurity (because of poverty, remoteness or disaster), keep and update a record, and issue food-assistance cards — in the name of an adult woman in the household where there is one. Governments must provide these households with food at concessional prices or free as prescribed, and during declared disasters or food crises, to affected people; the government may declare food-crisis areas and set nutritional standards.स्थानीय तहले गरिबी, भौगोलिक विकटता वा विपद्का कारण खाद्य असुरक्षाको जोखिममा रहेका लक्षित घरपरिवार पहिचान गरी अभिलेख राख्नुपर्छ र अद्यावधिक गर्नुपर्छ, तथा खाद्य सहायता परिचयपत्र दिनुपर्छ — परिवारमा १८ वर्ष पुगेकी महिला भए उनकै नाममा। सरकारले यस्ता परिवारलाई तोकिएबमोजिम सहुलियत मूल्यमा वा निःशुल्क खाद्य उपलब्ध गराउनुपर्छ, र विपद् वा खाद्य संकट घोषणा भएका बेला प्रभावितलाई पनि दिनुपर्छ; सरकारले खाद्य संकटग्रस्त क्षेत्र घोषणा गर्न र पोषणको मापदण्ड तोक्न सक्छ। Nepal Law Commission (lawcommission.gov.np), consolidated official text Sections 5–10, pp. 3–6
- To protect food sovereignty and farming, governments must protect agricultural land and its sustainable use, promote local crops and livestock, prioritise land and inputs for women farmers and landless agricultural households, compensate crop losses as prescribed and set cost-based support prices. Under Section 14 the federal government must identify and classify farmers, local governments must issue farmer identity cards on that basis, and farmers are to receive concessions, facilities and a contribution-based pension accordingly.खाद्य सम्प्रभुता र कृषि पेसाको संरक्षणका लागि सरकारले कृषियोग्य भूमिको संरक्षण र दिगो उपयोग गर्नुपर्छ, स्थानीय बाली र पशुजन्य उत्पादन प्रवर्द्धन गर्नुपर्छ, महिला किसान र कृषिमा आधारित भूमिहीन परिवारलाई भूमि र कृषि सामग्रीमा प्राथमिकता दिनुपर्छ, तोकिएबमोजिम बाली नोक्सानीको क्षतिपूर्ति र लागतमा आधारित समर्थन मूल्य तोक्नुपर्छ। दफा १४ अनुसार सङ्घीय सरकारले किसानको पहिचान र वर्गीकरण गर्ने, सोका आधारमा स्थानीय तहले परिचयपत्र दिने, र किसानलाई सहुलियत, सुविधा तथा योगदानमा आधारित निवृत्तभरण दिइने व्यवस्था छ। Nepal Law Commission (lawcommission.gov.np), consolidated official text Sections 12–20, pp. 6–10
- A National Food Council chaired by the agriculture minister, provincial food councils and local food coordination committees oversee the system; governments must prepare a national food plan, manage food reserves, procurement, transport and distribution, keep basic food prices stable and publish food-stock and price information. Section 40 lists offences, such as not distributing food meant for targeted or disadvantaged groups, punished under Section 42.कृषिमन्त्रीको अध्यक्षतामा राष्ट्रिय खाद्य परिषद्, प्रदेश खाद्य परिषद् र स्थानीय खाद्य समन्वय समितिले व्यवस्थापन र अनुगमन गर्छन्; सरकारले राष्ट्रिय खाद्य योजना बनाउनुपर्छ, खाद्य भण्डारण, खरिद, ढुवानी र वितरण व्यवस्थापन गर्नुपर्छ, आधारभूत खाद्यको मूल्य स्थिर राख्नुपर्छ र सञ्चित खाद्य तथा मूल्यको विवरण सार्वजनिक गर्नुपर्छ। लक्षित वा पिछडिएको वर्गलाई वितरण गर्नुपर्ने खाद्य वितरण नगर्नेजस्ता कसुर दफा ४० मा उल्लेख छन् र दफा ४२ अनुसार सजाय हुन्छ। Nepal Law Commission (lawcommission.gov.np), consolidated official text Sections 21–36, pp. 11–14; Sections 40–42, pp. 14–15
Gaps, loopholes and improvement ideas
- Not enforced The Auditor General's 62nd and 63rd reports found that farmer identity cards required by Section 14 have still not been issued, although 19.18 lakh farmer households had been listed by FY 2080/81 and 23.70 lakh farmers by FY 2081/82; without classification and cards, work such as starting the farmer pension scheme and a farmer welfare fund has been held up.महालेखापरीक्षकको ६२औँ र ६३औँ प्रतिवेदनअनुसार आर्थिक वर्ष २०८०/८१ सम्म १९ लाख १८ हजार किसान परिवार र २०८१/८२ सम्म २३ लाख ७० हजार किसान सूचीकृत भए पनि दफा १४ बमोजिमको किसान परिचयपत्र जारी हुन सकेको छैन; वर्गीकरण र परिचयपत्र नहुँदा किसान पेन्सन योजना सुरु गर्ने र किसान हितकोष स्थापना गर्नेलगायतका काम प्रभावित भएका छन्। Office of the Auditor General, Nepal · Office of the Auditor General, Nepal OAG 63rd report, Ministry of Agriculture chapter para 12, PDF p. 259 (printed p. 227); OAG 62nd report, same chapter para 12, PDF p. 280 (printed p. 250) and summary para 35, PDF p. 55; Act Section 14, p. 8
Ideas to fix it
- The Auditor General recommends issuing farmer identity cards and delivering services on that basis, completing farmer classification and listing on time.किसानको वर्गीकरण, सूचीकरण र परिचयपत्र जारी गर्ने काम समयमै सम्पन्न गरी सोही आधारमा सेवा प्रवाह गर्नुपर्ने महालेखापरीक्षकको सुझाव छ। Proposed by: Office of the Auditor General (62nd and 63rd Annual Reports) Office of the Auditor General, Nepal · Office of the Auditor General, Nepal
Where does it conflict with other laws?
No conflict with another law is documented in the sources we have reviewed so far.