National Assembly Member Election Act, 2075

Used on our issue pages

• Identity, inclusion and representation

What does it do?

• The Act governs the indirect election of the 56 elected members of the National Assembly (eight from each province). In each province, an electoral college made up of the provincial assembly members and the chairs and vice-chairs of rural municipalities and mayors and deputy mayors of municipalities elects, by secret ballot: three women, one Dalit, one person with a disability or from a minority community, and three other members. The single-vote categories go to the candidate with the most votes, and the women and 'other' categories use one vote per seat. Vacancies are filled by by-election from the same group.यो ऐनले राष्ट्रिय सभाका निर्वाचित ५६ सदस्य (प्रत्येक प्रदेशबाट आठ जना) को अप्रत्यक्ष निर्वाचनको व्यवस्था गर्छ। प्रत्येक प्रदेशमा प्रदेश सभाका सदस्य, गाउँपालिकाका अध्यक्ष–उपाध्यक्ष र नगरपालिकाका प्रमुख–उपप्रमुख रहेको निर्वाचक मण्डलले गोप्य मतदानद्वारा तीन महिला, एक दलित, एक अपाङ्गता भएका व्यक्ति वा अल्पसङ्ख्यक समुदायका व्यक्ति, र अन्य तीन सदस्य निर्वाचित गर्छ। एक सिटका समूहमा सबैभन्दा बढी मत ल्याउने निर्वाचित हुन्छ, र महिला तथा 'अन्य' समूहमा सिटअनुसार एक–एक मत दिइन्छ। रिक्त पद सोही समूहबाट उपनिर्वाचनद्वारा पूर्ति हुन्छ। Nepal Law Commission, Government of Nepal Sections 3–4, pp. 3–4; Section 61, p. 25
• Votes are weighted. Each provincial assembly member's vote is worth the national population (from the last census) divided by 1,000, divided by the total number of provincial assembly members; each local chief's or deputy's vote is worth population ÷ 1,000 ÷ (number of local governments − 2). With the 2068 census, this gave 48 and 18 respectively. The government sets the election date after consulting the Election Commission. For seats falling vacant at the end of a term, the election must be held 35 days before the vacancy; for other vacancies, within 35 days.मतको भार फरक हुन्छ। प्रदेश सभा सदस्यको मतभार = पछिल्लो जनगणनाको कुल जनसङ्ख्या ÷ १,००० ÷ प्रदेश सभा सदस्यको कुल सङ्ख्या, र स्थानीय तहका प्रमुख/अध्यक्ष र उपप्रमुख/उपाध्यक्षको मतभार = जनसङ्ख्या ÷ १,००० ÷ (गाउँपालिका र नगरपालिकाको कुल सङ्ख्या − २) हुन्छ; २०६८ को जनगणनाअनुसार यो क्रमशः ४८ र १८ हुन्छ। निर्वाचन आयोगको परामर्शमा नेपाल सरकारले निर्वाचनको मिति तोक्छ। पदावधि सकिएर रिक्त हुने पदको निर्वाचन पद रिक्त हुनुभन्दा ३५ दिनअघि, र अन्य कारणले रिक्त पदको उपनिर्वाचन रिक्त भएको ३५ दिनभित्र सम्पन्न गर्नुपर्छ। Nepal Law Commission, Government of Nepal Section 5, p. 4; Section 56, p. 24; Schedule 1, p. 31
• Candidates must be Nepali citizens aged at least 35, registered as voters in a local government, not disqualified by federal law, and not holding an office of profit. Anyone paid by the federal, provincial or local government, or by a body they own or fund, is disqualified, as is anyone convicted under election law until two years after serving the sentence. Candidates pay a Rs 10,000 deposit (half for women, Dalits, minorities and people with low income), which is forfeited below 10 per cent of the valid votes. Spending limits are set by the Election Commission, and candidates must keep accounts of all spending.उम्मेदवार हुन नेपाली नागरिक, ३५ वर्ष पूरा भएको, कुनै गाउँपालिका वा नगरपालिकाको मतदाता नामावलीमा नाम भएको, सङ्घीय कानूनले अयोग्य नठहराएको र लाभको पदमा बहाल नरहेको हुनुपर्छ। सङ्घ, प्रदेश वा स्थानीय तह, वा तिनको स्वामित्व, नियन्त्रण वा अनुदानमा चलेको संस्थामा पारिश्रमिक पाउने गरी बहाल रहेको व्यक्ति, र निर्वाचनसम्बन्धी कसुरमा सजाय भोगेको दुई वर्ष नपुगेको व्यक्ति अयोग्य हुन्छ। उम्मेदवारले दस हजार रुपैयाँ धरौटी राख्नुपर्छ (महिला, दलित, अल्पसङ्ख्यक वा आर्थिक रूपले विपन्नलाई ५० प्रतिशत छुट); सदर मतको १० प्रतिशत नल्याए धरौटी जफत हुन्छ। खर्चको हद निर्वाचन आयोगले तोक्छ, र उम्मेदवारले सबै खर्चको विवरण राख्नुपर्छ। Nepal Law Commission, Government of Nepal Sections 11–12, pp. 6–7; Sections 63–65, pp. 26–27
• The Election Commission runs the election. It appoints returning officers, publishes the voter list and the election timetable, assigns symbols, sets ballot rules, and may issue orders and directions and act against officials who breach them. Returning officers count the votes, may order recounts, and declare results. The Commission sends the results to the President within seven days and publishes them in the Gazette. Election disputes go to the Constitutional Bench of the Supreme Court, which may count tendered ballots if needed.निर्वाचन आयोगले निर्वाचन सञ्चालन गर्छ। आयोगले निर्वाचन अधिकृत नियुक्त गर्छ, मतदाता नामावली र निर्वाचन कार्यक्रम प्रकाशन गर्छ, चिह्न दिन्छ, मतपत्रसम्बन्धी नियम तोक्छ, र आदेश–निर्देशन जारी गरी उल्लङ्घन गर्ने अधिकारीलाई कारबाही गर्न सक्छ। निर्वाचन अधिकृतले मतगणना गर्छ, आवश्यक परे दोहोर्‍याई मतगणना गराउन सक्छ र परिणाम घोषणा गर्छ। आयोगले सात दिनभित्र परिणाम राष्ट्रपतिसमक्ष पेस गरी राजपत्रमा प्रकाशन गर्छ। निर्वाचनसम्बन्धी विवाद सर्वोच्च अदालतको संवैधानिक इजलासले हेर्छ, र आवश्यक ठानेमा निविदा मतपत्रसमेत गणना गर्न सक्छ। Nepal Law Commission, Government of Nepal Section 2(a), p. 1; Sections 4(3), 6–8, pp. 4–5; Sections 47–60 and 62, pp. 20–26; Sections 69–71, p. 29

Gaps, loopholes and improvement ideas

None documented in the official reports we have reviewed so far.

Where does it conflict with other laws?

No conflict with another law is documented in the sources we have reviewed so far.

Regulations and rules made under it

• राष्ट्रिय सभा सदस्य निर्वाचन नियमावली, २०७६ In force