Act

The Act Relating to Compulsory and Free Education, 2018

All laws Acts

Type
Act
Year
२०७५ BS · 2018 AD
Status
In force
Category
खण्ड १४: परराष्ट्र, शिक्षा तथा खेलकुद · Volume 14: Foreign Affairs, Education and Sports
Official text
Official page Official text (PDF)
English translation
Official English translation archived copy: the original page is no longer online
Translations may not include later amendments. The Nepali text is the authoritative law.

Used on our issue pages

Analysis drawn from official reports, court rulings and published research, each cited. Figures are being double-checked against the source documents; corrections are welcome.

What does it do?

  • The Act gives effect to the constitutional right to education. Every child has the right to compulsory, free basic education (up to grade 8) and every citizen to free education up to secondary level (grade 12) from the state; people with disabilities, the economically poor and Dalits have a right to free higher education. Providing education is the joint duty of the federal, provincial and local governments, and parents must send children of basic-education age to school regularly.यस ऐनले शिक्षासम्बन्धी संवैधानिक हक कार्यान्वयन गर्छ। प्रत्येक बालबालिकालाई अनिवार्य र निःशुल्क आधारभूत शिक्षा (कक्षा ८ सम्म) र प्रत्येक नागरिकलाई राज्यबाट माध्यमिक तह (कक्षा १२) सम्म निःशुल्क शिक्षा पाउने हक छ; अपाङ्गता भएका, आर्थिक रूपले विपन्न र दलित नागरिकलाई निःशुल्क उच्च शिक्षाको हक छ। शिक्षा उपलब्ध गराउने दायित्व संघ, प्रदेश र स्थानीय तहको हो, र आधारभूत शिक्षाको उमेरका बालबालिकालाई नियमित विद्यालय पठाउनु अभिभावकको कर्तव्य हो। Nepal Law Commission (lawcommission.gov.np), consolidated official text Preamble, p. 1; Sections 3–5, pp. 3–4; Section 20, p. 10
  • The state must provide compulsory basic education to every child aged 4 to 13, plus at least one year of early childhood education. Parents must enrol children in a school within reach (normally within two kilometres); where none exists, the local government must establish one within three years of the Act's commencement. Schools may not refuse admission, expel children or bar them from exams before they complete basic education, and must issue transfer certificates; parents who keep children out of school can lose local-government benefits after counselling.राज्यले चार वर्ष पूरा भई तेह्र वर्ष पूरा नभएका सबै बालबालिकालाई अनिवार्य आधारभूत शिक्षा र कम्तीमा एक वर्षको प्रारम्भिक बाल विकास शिक्षा दिनुपर्छ। अभिभावकले पायक पर्ने (सामान्यतया दुई किलोमिटरभित्रको) विद्यालयमा भर्ना गराउनुपर्छ; त्यस्तो विद्यालय नभए स्थानीय तहले ऐन प्रारम्भ भएको तीन वर्षभित्र विद्यालय स्थापना गर्नुपर्छ। विद्यालयले आधारभूत शिक्षा पूरा नहुँदै भर्ना गर्न इन्कार गर्न, निष्कासन गर्न वा परीक्षा दिन रोक्न पाउँदैन र स्थानान्तरण प्रमाणपत्र दिनुपर्छ; परामर्शपछि पनि बालबालिकालाई विद्यालय नपठाउने अभिभावक स्थानीय तहको सुविधाबाट वञ्चित हुनसक्छन्। Nepal Law Commission (lawcommission.gov.np), consolidated official text Sections 6–13, pp. 4–8
  • From Baisakh 1, 2085, anyone who has not completed basic education will not be eligible for government or publicly owned jobs, any public, private or NGO post, or to found or direct a company, firm, cooperative or NGO (with exceptions for those already in post, aged 12 or more before the rule took effect, or unable to study because of illness or severe disability).२०८५ वैशाख १ पछि आधारभूत शिक्षा प्राप्त नगरेका व्यक्ति सरकारी वा सरकारी स्वामित्वका संस्थाको सेवा, कुनै सरकारी, गैरसरकारी वा निजी संस्थाको पद, वा कम्पनी, फर्म, सहकारी वा गैरसरकारी संस्थाको संस्थापक वा सञ्चालक हुन योग्य हुने छैनन् (यो व्यवस्था प्रारम्भ हुनुअघि बाह्र वर्ष पूरा भइसकेका वा पदमा बहाल रहेका, र कमजोर स्वास्थ्य वा बहुअपाङ्गताका कारण पढ्न नसकेकालाई छुट छ)। Nepal Law Commission (lawcommission.gov.np), consolidated official text Section 19, pp. 9–10
  • The federal government funds textbooks for public-school students through local governments, and governments may provide scholarships, health care and midday meals. Private schools must run early childhood and basic education on a service-oriented basis and reserve free places for 10 to 15 percent of students depending on school size. Refusing admission, expelling, withholding transfer certificates or breaching the private-school rules can be fined by the local government's judicial committee (up to Rs 5,000, or for private-school breaches the amount involved or Rs 25,000), on a parent's complaint within 15 days.सङ्घीय सरकारले सामुदायिक विद्यालयका विद्यार्थीका लागि पाठ्यपुस्तकको रकम स्थानीय तहमार्फत दिन्छ, र सरकारले छात्रवृत्ति, स्वास्थ्य उपचार र दिवा खाजा उपलब्ध गराउन सक्छ। निजी विद्यालयले प्रारम्भिक बाल विकास र आधारभूत शिक्षा सेवामूलक रूपमा सञ्चालन गर्नुपर्छ र विद्यार्थी सङ्ख्याअनुसार १० देखि १५ प्रतिशत स्थान निःशुल्क शिक्षाका लागि आरक्षित गर्नुपर्छ। भर्ना इन्कार, निष्कासन, स्थानान्तरण प्रमाणपत्र नदिने वा निजी विद्यालयसम्बन्धी व्यवस्था उल्लंघन गरेमा अभिभावकले १५ दिनभित्र उजुरी दिए स्थानीय तहको न्यायिक समितिले प्रधानाध्यापकलाई पाँच हजारसम्म (निजी विद्यालयको हकमा बिगो वा २५ हजारमध्ये जुन बढी) जरिवाना गर्न सक्छ। Nepal Law Commission (lawcommission.gov.np), consolidated official text Sections 21–27, pp. 10–13; Section 32, p. 15

Gaps, loopholes and improvement ideas

Ideas to fix it

  • The Auditor General notes that in FY 2081/82 Rs 10.94 arba was spent under this Act on textbooks (Rs 2.93 arba), scholarships (Rs 1.35 arba), midday meals (Rs 5.83 arba) and sanitary pads (Rs 0.82 arba), and recommends regular monitoring and evaluation to make sure the money is spent for the programmes' purpose.यस ऐनअन्तर्गत आर्थिक वर्ष २०८१/८२ मा पाठ्यपुस्तक (रु. २ अर्ब ९३ करोड), छात्रवृत्ति (रु. १ अर्ब ३५ करोड), दिवा खाजा (रु. ५ अर्ब ८३ करोड) र सेनिटरी प्याड (रु. ८२ करोड) गरी रु. १० अर्ब ९४ करोड खर्च भएको उल्लेख गर्दै कार्यक्रमको उद्देश्यअनुरूप खर्च भएको सुनिश्चित गर्न नियमित अनुगमन र मूल्याङ्कन गर्नुपर्ने महालेखापरीक्षकको सुझाव छ। Proposed by: Office of the Auditor General (63rd Annual Report) Office of the Auditor General, Nepal

Where does it conflict with other laws?

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