Administrative Court Act, 2076 BS

What does it do?

• The Administrative Court hears appeals by public employees — federal civil servants, health-service and parliament-service staff, employees of public bodies at least half-owned by the government, community-school teachers, and provincial and local government staff — against decisions on departmental punishment, transfer, promotion or upgrading, gratuity, pension or retirement, staff adjustment and other service conditions. Where the service law provides an internal complaint or appeal first, the employee must use that before coming to the Court.सङ्घीय निजामती, स्वास्थ्य सेवा र संसद् सेवाका कर्मचारी, सरकारको पचास प्रतिशत वा बढी स्वामित्वका सार्वजनिक संस्थाका कर्मचारी, सामुदायिक विद्यालयका शिक्षक तथा प्रदेश र स्थानीय तहका कर्मचारीलाई विभागीय सजाय, सरुवा, बढुवा वा स्तरवृद्धि, उपदान, निवृत्तिभरण वा अवकाश, कर्मचारी समायोजन र सेवाका अन्य शर्तसम्बन्धी निर्णयउपर प्रशासकीय अदालतमा पुनरावेदन लाग्छ। सेवा कानूनमा पहिले कुनै निकायमा उजुरी वा पुनरावेदन गर्ने व्यवस्था भए त्यहाँबाट निर्णय भएपछि मात्र अदालतमा पुनरावेदन लाग्छ। Nepal Law Commission (lawcommission.gov.np), consolidated text Section 2(ग), (च), PDF p. 1; Section 7, PDF p. 4
• The Court has a chair — a current or qualified High Court chief judge, or a former special-class judicial officer — named by the Government of Nepal after consulting the Judicial Council, plus two members: one with legal and one with public-administration background, each with at least 20 years' experience. They serve five-year terms, at most twice. The Court sits in the Kathmandu Valley with jurisdiction over the whole country; a bench must be set up in a province's capital once more than 200 cases from that province are pending.न्याय परिषद्को परामर्शमा नेपाल सरकारले उच्च अदालतको मुख्य न्यायाधीश भइरहेका वा हुन योग्य वा न्याय सेवाको विशिष्ट श्रेणीमा काम गरेका व्यक्तिलाई अध्यक्ष तोक्छ, र कानून तथा सार्वजनिक प्रशासनमा कम्तीमा बीस वर्ष अनुभव भएका एक–एक जना सदस्य नियुक्त गर्छ। पदावधि पाँच वर्षको हुन्छ र कसैलाई दुई पटकभन्दा बढी नियुक्त गरिँदैन। अदालत काठमाडौँ उपत्यकामा रहन्छ र देशभर क्षेत्राधिकार हुन्छ; कुनै प्रदेशबाट दुई सयभन्दा बढी मुद्दा चालू रहेमा त्यस प्रदेशको राजधानीमा अदालत गठन गर्नुपर्छ। Nepal Law Commission (lawcommission.gov.np), consolidated text Sections 3–4, PDF pp. 2–3
• Appeals must be filed within 35 days of learning of the decision (extendable by up to 30 days for reasons beyond the appellant's control), and the Court must decide within one year. Cases are decided by the full bench of three or a two-member bench including the chair, by majority. Everyone concerned must comply with the Court's decisions; an employee reinstated by a court decision must report back to work within 35 days or lose the job. The Court can punish contempt.निर्णयको जानकारी पाएको ३५ दिनभित्र पुनरावेदन गर्नुपर्छ (काबुबाहिरको परिस्थितिमा ३० दिनसम्म म्याद थामिन सक्छ), र अदालतले एक वर्षभित्र निर्णय गरिसक्नुपर्छ। तीन जनाको पूर्ण इजलास वा अध्यक्षसहित दुई जनाको इजलासले बहुमतबाट मुद्दा किनारा गर्छ। अदालतको निर्णय पालना गर्नु सबैको कर्तव्य हो; फैसलाबाट पुनःस्थापित कर्मचारी ३५ दिनभित्र हाजिर नभए नोकरी थामिँदैन। अदालतले अवहेलनामा कारबाही गर्न सक्छ। Nepal Law Commission (lawcommission.gov.np), consolidated text Section 8, PDF pp. 4–5; Sections 12, 14, 17–19, PDF pp. 6–8

Gaps, loopholes and improvement ideas

None documented in the official reports we have reviewed so far.

Where does it conflict with other laws?

No conflict with another law is documented in the sources we have reviewed so far.

Regulations and rules made under it

• प्रशासकीय अदालत नियमावली, २०७७ In force