- Type
- Act
- Year
- २०७४ BS · 2017 AD
- Status
- In force
- Category
- खण्ड १६: महिला, बालबालिका, समाज कल्याण तथा संस्कृति · Volume 16: Women, Children, Social Welfare and Culture
- Official text
- Official page Official text (PDF)
- English translation
- Official English translation archived copy: the original page is no longer online
Includes amendments up to: 2075 BS. Translations may not include later amendments. The Nepali text is the authoritative law.
Analysis drawn from official reports, court rulings and published research, each cited. Figures are being double-checked against the source documents; corrections are welcome.
What does it do?
- The Act sets out the rights of persons with disabilities and replaced the Disabled Persons Protection and Welfare Act, 2039. Disabilities are classified in a schedule (physical, visual, hearing, deaf-blind, speech, psychosocial, intellectual, haemophilia, autism and multiple disabilities). To get a disability identity card, a person, a family member or guardian applies to the local level (rural or municipality) with a ward recommendation; the local level issues the card showing the classification and refers unclear cases to its coordination committee. Obtaining a card by giving false details is an offence.यो ऐनले अपाङ्गता भएका व्यक्तिका अधिकार तोकेको छ र अपाङ्ग संरक्षण तथा कल्याण ऐन, २०३९ लाई खारेज गरेको छ। अपाङ्गताको वर्गीकरण अनुसूचीमा छ (शारीरिक, दृष्टिसम्बन्धी, सुनाइसम्बन्धी, श्रवण-दृष्टिविहीन, स्वर र बोलाइसम्बन्धी, मानसिक वा मनोसामाजिक, बौद्धिक, हेमोफिलिया, अटिज्म र बहुअपाङ्गता)। अपाङ्गता परिचयपत्र लिन व्यक्ति आफैं, परिवारका सदस्य वा संरक्षकले वडाको सिफारिससहित गाउँपालिका वा नगरपालिकामा निवेदन दिन्छन्; स्थानीय तहले वर्गीकरण खुलाएर परिचयपत्र दिन्छ र अस्पष्ट अवस्थामा समन्वय समितिको सिफारिस लिन्छ। झुटो विवरण दिएर परिचयपत्र लिनु कसुर हो। Nepal Law Commission, Government of Nepal Sections 3–5, pp. 4–5; Schedule, pp. 36–38; Section 63, p. 35
- Persons with disabilities have rights against discrimination, to live in the community, to protection, to political and policy participation, to access services, information and justice, and to social security. Women and children with disabilities have specific rights. Begging may not be forced on a person with disability, and hating, insulting or humiliating a person with disability, or interfering with their assistive devices, is an offence.अपाङ्गता भएका व्यक्तिलाई भेदभावविरुद्धको, समुदायमा बस्ने, संरक्षणको, राजनीतिक तथा नीति निर्माणमा सहभागिताको, सेवा, सूचना र न्यायमा पहुँचको तथा सामाजिक सुरक्षाको अधिकार छ। अपाङ्गता भएका महिला र बालबालिकाका छुट्टै अधिकार तोकिएका छन्। अपाङ्गता भएका व्यक्तिलाई भिख माग्न लगाउन पाइँदैन, र घृणा, हेला वा तिरस्कार गर्नु वा उनीहरूले प्रयोग गर्ने सहायक सामग्रीमा अवरोध गर्नु कसुर हो। Nepal Law Commission, Government of Nepal Sections 7–20, pp. 6–11; Sections 53–54, pp. 33–34
- Persons with disabilities are to receive free higher education at institutions run or funded by government or local levels, free admission, and teaching in Braille, sign language and other accessible formats. The government provides vocational training and concessional loans, may require specified establishments to employ a set number of persons with disabilities, and must arrange free health and therapy services for those below a set income. Establishments may not discriminate in employment and must keep records open to local-level inspection.सरकारी वा स्थानीय तहबाट सञ्चालित वा सरकारी अनुदान पाउने शैक्षिक संस्थाले अपाङ्गता भएका व्यक्तिलाई निःशुल्क उच्च शिक्षा दिनुपर्छ, भर्ना शुल्क लिन पाइँदैन, र ब्रेल, साङ्केतिक भाषा लगायत पहुँचयोग्य माध्यमबाट पढाउने व्यवस्था गर्नुपर्छ। सरकारले व्यावसायिक तालिम र सहुलियत ऋण दिन्छ, तोकिएका प्रतिष्ठानले निश्चित सङ्ख्यामा अपाङ्गता भएका व्यक्ति नियुक्त गर्नुपर्ने गरी तोक्न सक्छ, र तोकिएभन्दा कम आय भएकालाई निःशुल्क स्वास्थ्य तथा थेरापी सेवाको व्यवस्था गर्नुपर्छ। प्रतिष्ठानले रोजगारीमा भेदभाव गर्न पाउँदैनन् र अभिलेख स्थानीय तहको निरीक्षणका लागि खुला राख्नुपर्छ। Nepal Law Commission, Government of Nepal Sections 21–28, pp. 11–14
- A National Disability Steering Committee chaired by the Minister for Women, Children and Senior Citizens coordinates and directs implementation; provinces may form committees, and every rural municipality and municipality has a local coordination committee led by its vice-chair or deputy mayor. Federal, provincial and local governments, schools, families and doctors each have listed duties.महिला, बालबालिका तथा ज्येष्ठ नागरिक मन्त्रीको अध्यक्षतामा रहने अपाङ्गता राष्ट्रिय निर्देशन समितिले कार्यान्वयनको समन्वय र निर्देशन गर्छ; प्रदेशले समिति बनाउन सक्छन्, र प्रत्येक गाउँपालिका र नगरपालिकामा उपाध्यक्ष वा उपप्रमुखको संयोजकत्वमा स्थानीय समन्वय समिति रहन्छ। सङ्घ, प्रदेश र स्थानीय तह, शिक्षण संस्था, परिवार र चिकित्सकका दायित्व पनि तोकिएका छन्। Nepal Law Commission, Government of Nepal Sections 38–42, pp. 21–28; Sections 45–48, pp. 30–31
- If a right under the Act is violated, the person, family member or guardian may apply to the Chief District Officer, who must inquire within seven days and may order compliance (appeal to the High Court within 35 days), or apply directly to the District Court, which may order compliance, punishment and compensation. Penalties range from fines of up to Rs 50,000 to up to nine months' imprisonment for humiliation; cases must be filed within three months and are prosecuted by the State.ऐनअन्तर्गतको अधिकार हनन भएमा व्यक्ति, परिवारका सदस्य वा संरक्षकले प्रमुख जिल्ला अधिकारीसमक्ष निवेदन दिन सक्छन्; प्रमुख जिल्ला अधिकारीले सात दिनभित्र जाँचबुझ गरी अधिकार प्रचलन गराउन आदेश दिन सक्छन् (त्यसउपर ३५ दिनभित्र उच्च अदालतमा पुनरावेदन लाग्छ)। सिधै जिल्ला अदालतमा पनि निवेदन दिन सकिन्छ, जसले आदेश, सजाय र क्षतिपूर्ति भराउन सक्छ। सजाय पचास हजार रुपैयाँसम्म जरिबानादेखि तिरस्कार गरेमा नौ महिनासम्म कैदसम्म छ; मुद्दा तीन महिनाभित्र दायर गर्नुपर्छ र नेपाल सरकार वादी हुन्छ। Nepal Law Commission, Government of Nepal Sections 51–52, pp. 32–33; Sections 55–57, p. 34
Gaps, loopholes and improvement ideas
- Unclear Disability classification does not yet have clear criteria. Section 3 and the Schedule classify disabilities and Section 4 has local levels issue identity cards showing the classification, which also determines eligibility for the disability allowance. The Auditor General reported that in 2081/82 the government paid Rs 6.47 billion in disability allowance to about 221,000 people, and that because there are no clear criteria for the 'A' and 'B' categories there are wrong classifications, administrative hassle, verification problems and no assurance that genuine beneficiaries are reached, while the liability keeps rising every year.अपाङ्गता वर्गीकरणको स्पष्ट मापदण्ड अझै छैन। दफा ३ र अनुसूचीले अपाङ्गताको वर्गीकरण गर्छ र दफा ४ अनुसार स्थानीय तहले वर्गीकरण खुलाएर परिचयपत्र दिन्छ, जसले अपाङ्गता भत्ता पाउने योग्यता पनि निर्धारण गर्छ। महालेखापरीक्षकका अनुसार २०८१/८२ मा सरकारले करिब २ लाख २१ हजार अपाङ्गता भएका नागरिकलाई रु. ६ अर्ब ४७ करोड ३९ लाख भत्ता भुक्तानी गर्यो; 'क' र 'ख' वर्गको स्पष्ट मापदण्ड नहुँदा गलत वर्गीकरण, प्रशासनिक झन्झट, प्रमाणीकरणमा समस्या र वास्तविक लाभग्राहीसम्म पहुँच सुनिश्चित नहुने समस्या छन्, र यस्तो भत्ताको दायित्व वर्षेनी बढ्दै गएको छ। Office of the Auditor General, Nepal · Nepal Law Commission, Government of Nepal OAG 63rd Annual Report, performance audit 'Effectiveness of the social security allowance programme', para 3.2, printed p. 598 (PDF p. 634); Act ss. 3–4 and Schedule, pp. 4–5, 36–38
Ideas to fix it
- Prepare clear criteria for disability classification and provide the allowance only to genuine beneficiaries.अपाङ्गता वर्गीकरणको स्पष्ट मापदण्ड तयार गरी वास्तविक लाभग्राहीलाई मात्र भत्ता उपलब्ध गराउने। Proposed by: Office of the Auditor General (63rd Annual Report) Office of the Auditor General, Nepal
Where does it conflict with other laws?
No conflict with another law is documented in the sources we have reviewed so far.