- Type
- Act
- Year
- २०७२ BS · 2016 AD
- Status
- In force
- Category
- खण्ड १५: स्वास्थ्य · Volume 15: Health
- Official text
- Official page Official text (PDF)
Analysis drawn from official reports, court rulings and published research, each cited. Figures are being double-checked against the source documents; corrections are welcome.
What does it do?
- People in a target group have the right to receive the vaccines in the national immunization programme free of charge, at times and places the Ministry of Health sets. The Ministry can make certain vaccines compulsory, and parents and guardians must have their children vaccinated. Vaccinators must explain the vaccine beforehand and must not vaccinate someone for whom it is medically unsafe.लक्षित वर्गका व्यक्तिलाई राष्ट्रिय खोप कार्यक्रममा समावेश खोप स्वास्थ्य मन्त्रालयले तोकेको समय र स्थानमा निःशुल्क लगाउन पाउने अधिकार हुन्छ। मन्त्रालयले कुनै खोप अनिवार्य गर्न सक्छ, र आमाबुबा तथा संरक्षकले आफ्ना बालबालिकालाई खोप लगाइदिनुपर्छ। खोप दिनेले पहिले खोपबारे जानकारी दिनुपर्छ र स्वास्थ्यका कारण खोप दिन नहुने व्यक्तिलाई खोप दिनु हुँदैन। Nepal Law Commission (lawcommission.gov.np), consolidated text Sections 3–7, PDF p. 3
- Private, non-government and community hospitals need a permit to run vaccination services and must report to the designated authority and keep records. Suppliers may supply only vaccines registered with the Department of Drug Administration and certified as quality by the World Health Organization (with limited exceptions), and vaccines must be transported, stored and distributed to set standards. Schools may ask for a child's vaccination card at admission but may not refuse admission for lack of one.निजी, गैरसरकारी र सामुदायिक अस्पतालले खोप सेवा चलाउन अनुमतिपत्र लिनुपर्छ, नियमित प्रतिवेदन दिनुपर्छ र अभिलेख राख्नुपर्छ। खोप आपूर्तिकर्ताले औषधि व्यवस्था विभागमा दर्ता भएका र विश्व स्वास्थ्य संगठनबाट गुणस्तर प्रमाणित खोप मात्र (सीमित अपवादबाहेक) आपूर्ति गर्नुपर्छ, र खोपको ढुवानी, भण्डारण र वितरण तोकिएको मापदण्डअनुसार हुनुपर्छ। विद्यालयले भर्ना गर्दा खोप कार्ड माग्न सक्छ, तर कार्ड नभएकै कारण भर्ना रोक्न पाउँदैन। Nepal Law Commission (lawcommission.gov.np), consolidated text Sections 11–14, PDF pp. 4–5; Section 33, PDF p. 12
- A National Immunization Committee chaired by the health secretary advises on policy, supported by advisory and research committees. A dedicated Immunization Fund, held in a commercial bank, finances the programme, emergency vaccine purchases during disasters or epidemics, and research. If an investigation committee finds that a vaccine caused serious harm, disability or death, the agency that gave it must provide treatment and compensation.स्वास्थ्य सचिवको अध्यक्षतामा रहने राष्ट्रिय खोप समितिले नीतिगत सुझाव दिन्छ, र सल्लाहकार तथा अनुसन्धान समितिले सहयोग गर्छन्। 'क' वर्गको वाणिज्य बैङ्कमा खाता खोलिने छुट्टै खोप कोषबाट खोप कार्यक्रम, प्रकोप वा महामारीमा तत्काल खोप खरिद र अनुसन्धानको खर्च बेहोरिन्छ। खोपकै कारण गम्भीर असर, अङ्गभङ्ग वा मृत्यु भएको अनुसन्धान समितिले ठहर गरेमा खोप दिने निकायले उपचार र क्षतिपूर्ति दिनुपर्छ। Nepal Law Commission (lawcommission.gov.np), consolidated text Sections 15–19, PDF pp. 5–9; Sections 21–25, PDF pp. 9–10; Section 28, PDF pp. 11–12
- Running a vaccination service without a permit is fined Rs 300,000–500,000 and the service is closed; supplying unregistered vaccines is fined Rs 25,000–100,000 and the vaccines destroyed; distributing vaccines in breach of standards is fined Rs 50,000; other breaches Rs 10,000–25,000. The committee imposes these fines, with appeals provided.अनुमतिपत्रबिना खोप सेवा चलाएमा सेवा बन्द गरी तीनदेखि पाँच लाख रुपैयाँसम्म, दर्ता नभएको खोप आपूर्ति गरेमा खोप नष्ट गरी पच्चीस हजारदेखि एक लाख रुपैयाँसम्म, मापदण्डविपरीत खोप वितरण गरेमा पचास हजार रुपैयाँ र अन्य उल्लङ्घनमा दश हजारदेखि पच्चीस हजार रुपैयाँसम्म जरिवाना हुन्छ। यस्तो जरिवाना समितिले गर्छ र पुनरावेदनको व्यवस्था छ। Nepal Law Commission (lawcommission.gov.np), consolidated text Sections 26–27, 30, PDF pp. 10–12
Gaps, loopholes and improvement ideas
- Not enforced The Immunization Fund required by Sections 21–22 was not set up as a separate fund. The Department of Health Services deposited the money in its operating fund instead; Rs 375.8 million had accumulated for the fund up to the previous year, and the Rs 30 million appropriated in FY 2080/81 was frozen without being deposited. The Auditor General said the fund must be established as the law requires.दफा २१–२२ ले अनिवार्य गरेको खोप कोष छुट्टै स्थापना भएको छैन। स्वास्थ्य सेवा विभागले रकम कार्यसञ्चालन कोषमा जम्मा गरेको, गत वर्षसम्म खोप कोषका लागि रु. ३७ करोड ५७ लाख ८७ हजार जम्मा भएको, र आर्थिक वर्ष २०८०/८१ मा विनियोजित रु. ३ करोड कोषमा जम्मै नगरी फ्रिज भएको महालेखापरीक्षकले पाएको छ। कानूनबमोजिम कोष स्थापना हुनुपर्ने कार्यालयको सुझाव छ। Office of the Auditor General, Nepal · Nepal Law Commission (lawcommission.gov.np), consolidated text OAG 62nd report, Department of Health Services, para 27 (PDF p. 612, printed p. 582); Act Sections 21–22, PDF pp. 9–10
- Capacity The Auditor General reported significant vaccine wastage. In FY 2081/82, vaccines worth Rs 410.5 million were wasted while vaccinating 5,468,295 people — 82% of BCG and an average of 36% of other vaccines (OAG 63rd report). In FY 2080/81, 202,000 vials of donated vaccine at the Department and 4.761 million doses wasted during use in health facilities had expired (OAG 62nd report).खोप खेर जाने दर उल्लेख्य रहेको महालेखापरीक्षकले उल्लेख गरेको छ। आर्थिक वर्ष २०८१/८२ मा ५४ लाख ६८ हजार २९५ जनालाई खोप लगाउँदा रु. ४१ करोड ४ लाख ८२ हजार मूल्यको खोप खेर गयो — बीसीजी ८२ प्रतिशत र अन्य खोप औसत ३६ प्रतिशत (६३औँ प्रतिवेदन)। आर्थिक वर्ष २०८०/८१ मा विभागमा अनुदानमा प्राप्त २ लाख २ हजार भायल र स्वास्थ्य संस्थामा प्रयोगका क्रममा खेर गएको ४७ लाख ६१ हजार डोज खोपको म्याद सकिएको थियो (६२औँ प्रतिवेदन)। Office of the Auditor General, Nepal · Office of the Auditor General, Nepal OAG 63rd report, Department of Health Services, para 25 (PDF p. 563, printed p. 531); OAG 62nd report, para 28 (PDF pp. 612–613, printed pp. 582–583)
Ideas to fix it
- Set up the Immunization Fund as the Act requires, and use vaccines according to the approved standards to reduce wastage.ऐनबमोजिम खोप कोष स्थापना गर्ने, र स्वीकृत मापदण्डअनुसार खोपको उपयोग गरी खेर जाने दर घटाउने। Proposed by: Office of the Auditor General (62nd and 63rd Annual Reports) Office of the Auditor General, Nepal · Office of the Auditor General, Nepal
Where does it conflict with other laws?
No conflict with another law is documented in the sources we have reviewed so far.
Regulations and rules made under it
- खोप नियमावली, २०७४ In force