English title translated by Policy Nepal for navigation. The Nepali legal text is authoritative.
- Type
- Act
- Year
- २०७१ BS
- Status
- In force
- Category
- खण्ड २: अदालत तथा न्याय प्रशासन · Volume 2: Courts and Administration of Justice
- Official text
- Official page Official text (PDF)
Analysis drawn from official reports, court rulings and published research, each cited. Figures are being double-checked against the source documents; corrections are welcome.
What does it do?
- The Act deals with the armed conflict between the State and the then CPN (Maoist) from 1 Falgun 2052 to 5 Mangsir 2063. It requires the government to form two separate independent commissions, a Commission of Investigation on Enforced Disappeared Persons and a Truth and Reconciliation Commission, each of five members including at least one woman, recommended by a committee chaired by a former Chief Justice after publishing a shortlist for public comment.राज्य पक्ष र तत्कालीन नेकपा (माओवादी) बीच २०५२ फागुन १ देखि २०६३ मंसिर ५ सम्म भएको सशस्त्र द्वन्द्वसम्बन्धी यो ऐन हो। यसले सरकारलाई बेपत्ता पारिएका व्यक्तिको छानबिन आयोग र सत्य निरुपण तथा मेलमिलाप आयोग छुट्टाछुट्टै गठन गर्न लगाउँछ; प्रत्येकमा कम्तीमा एक महिलासहित पाँच सदस्य हुन्छन्, जसको सिफारिस पूर्वप्रधान न्यायाधीशको अध्यक्षतामा रहेको समितिले सम्भावित नामको सूची सार्वजनिक प्रतिक्रियाका लागि प्रकाशित गरेपछि गर्छ। Nepal Law Commission, Government of Nepal Section 2(ण), p. 5; Section 3, pp. 5–7
- Since the 2081 amendment the Act distinguishes 'violations of human rights' from 'serious violations of human rights', defined as rape or serious sexual violence, and (when committed against unarmed people in a targeted or planned way) intentional or arbitrary killing, enforced disappearance, and inhuman or cruel torture. The commissions investigate incidents, establish the truth, promote reconciliation between perpetrators and victims and recommend reparations (compensation, facilities and concessions), return of property and policy measures, including for injured security personnel, disqualified ex-combatants and landmine victims.२०८१ को संशोधनपछि ऐनले 'मानव अधिकारको उल्लङ्घन' र 'मानव अधिकारको गम्भीर उल्लङ्घन' छुट्याएको छ; गम्भीर उल्लङ्घनमा जबर्जस्ती करणी वा गम्भीर यौनजन्य हिंसा, र निःशस्त्र व्यक्तिमाथि लक्षित वा योजनाबद्ध रूपमा गरिएको नियतपूर्वक वा स्वेच्छाचारी हत्या, बेपत्ता पार्ने कार्य तथा अमानवीय वा क्रूर यातना पर्छन्। आयोगले घटनाको छानबिन गरी सत्य बाहिर ल्याउँछ, पीडक र पीडितबीच मेलमिलाप गराउँछ, र परिपूरण (क्षतिपूर्ति, सुविधा र सहुलियत), सम्पत्ति फिर्ता र नीतिगत व्यवस्थाको सिफारिस गर्छ, घाइते सुरक्षाकर्मी, बहिर्गमित लडाकु र बारुदी सुरुङ पीडितसमेतका लागि। Nepal Law Commission, Government of Nepal Section 2(ञ)–(ञ१), p. 4; Sections 13, 22–24 and 25क, pp. 12–28
- The commissions may recommend amnesty only where the perpetrator applies, discloses the full truth, admits the violation, apologises and promises not to repeat it, and the victim freely consents; amnesty may not be recommended for serious violations of human rights. Where reconciliation or amnesty does not apply, cases are sent to the Attorney General for prosecution, and public officials found responsible face departmental action within three months.पीडकले निवेदन दिई पूर्ण सत्य खुलाएमा, उल्लङ्घन स्वीकारेमा, क्षमायाचना गरेमा र फेरि नगर्ने प्रतिबद्धता जनाएमा र पीडितले स्वतन्त्र सहमति दिएमा मात्र आयोगले क्षमादानको सिफारिस गर्न सक्छ; मानव अधिकारको गम्भीर उल्लङ्घनमा संलग्नलाई क्षमादानको सिफारिस गरिँदैन। मेलमिलाप वा क्षमादान नभएका घटनामा मुद्दा चलाउन महान्यायाधिवक्तासमक्ष लेखी पठाइन्छ, र दोषी देखिएका सार्वजनिक पदाधिकारीमाथि तीन महिनाभित्र विभागीय कारबाही हुनुपर्छ। Nepal Law Commission, Government of Nepal Sections 25–26, pp. 26–29
- A Special Court in the Kathmandu Valley hears conflict-era cases, including those transferred from district and high courts. In sentencing it must consider the circumstances, the causes and transitional-justice principles; government attorneys may seek 25% of the normal sentence for serious violations other than rape and serious sexual violence, and for other violations. Appeals go to a transitional-justice bench of the Supreme Court within 35 days.काठमाडौं उपत्यकामा रहने विशेष अदालतले जिल्ला र उच्च अदालतबाट सरेकासमेत द्वन्द्वकालीन मुद्दा हेर्छ। सजाय तोक्दा घटनाको परिस्थिति, कारण र सङ्क्रमणकालीन न्यायका सिद्धान्त विचार गर्नुपर्छ; जबर्जस्ती करणी र गम्भीर यौनजन्य हिंसाबाहेकका गम्भीर उल्लङ्घन तथा अन्य उल्लङ्घनमा सरकारी वकिलले प्रचलित कानूनको सजायको २५ प्रतिशत मात्र माग दाबी लिन सक्छन्। ३५ दिनभित्र सर्वोच्च अदालतको सङ्क्रमणकालीन न्यायसम्बन्धी संयुक्त इजलासमा पुनरावेदन लाग्छ। Nepal Law Commission, Government of Nepal Sections 29–29ङ, pp. 31–37
Gaps, loopholes and improvement ideas
None documented in the official reports we have reviewed so far.
Where does it conflict with other laws?
No conflict with another law is documented in the sources we have reviewed so far.