- Type
- Act
- Year
- २०५४ BS
- Status
- In force
- Category
- खण्ड ११: योजना, विकास तथा निर्माण · Volume 11: Planning, Development and Construction
- Official text
- Official page Official text (PDF)
- English translation
- Official English translation archived copy: the original page is no longer online
Includes amendments up to: 2072 BS. Translations may not include later amendments. The Nepali text is the authoritative law.
Analysis drawn from official reports, court rulings and published research, each cited. Figures are being double-checked against the source documents; corrections are welcome.
What does it do?
- The Act governs apartment buildings ('joint housing'): buildings of two or more storeys with two or more separately usable units, including blocks and complexes on the same land. No one may build one without approval from an authority the government designates in the Nepal Gazette; the developer must be a registered organisation and must submit the plans, structural design, land ownership details, sales procedure, common areas and an operating plan. A municipality may not pass the building map for an apartment building that lacks this approval.यो ऐनले संयुक्त आवास (अपार्टमेन्ट) भवनको व्यवस्था गर्छ: एउटै जग्गामा छुट्टाछुट्टै प्रयोग गर्न सकिने दुई वा बढी आवास इकाई भएका दुई वा बढी तलाका भवन, एउटै जग्गामा बनेका ब्लक र कम्प्लेक्ससमेत। नेपाल सरकारले राजपत्रमा तोकेको अधिकारप्राप्त अधिकारीको स्वीकृतिबिना यस्तो भवन बनाउन पाइँदैन; संस्थापक दर्ता भएको संगठित संस्था हुनुपर्छ र नक्सा, संरचनात्मक डिजाइन, जग्गाको क्षेत्रफल र स्वामित्व, बिक्री प्रक्रिया, सामूहिक क्षेत्र तथा सुविधा र सञ्चालन योजना पेस गर्नुपर्छ। यस्तो स्वीकृति नभएको संयुक्त आवास भवनको नक्सा नक्सा पास गर्ने निकायले पास गर्न पाउँदैन। Nepal Law Commission, Government of Nepal Section 2(a)–(c), (i), pp. 2–3; Sections 3–7, pp. 3–4
- A developer may sell or lease units, for full payment or in instalments, under a written agreement, and must give the buyer an ownership certificate. Once the full price is paid, the unit becomes the buyer's property, and the owner may sell, rent or transfer it subject to the agreement. Common areas and facilities, such as the land, structure, corridors, stairs, parking, lifts and pumps, cannot be divided, and each owner must pay a share of common costs in proportion to their use; the developer can withhold common services from an owner who does not pay.संस्थापकले लिखित सम्झौता गरी पूरै रकम वा किस्ताबन्दीमा आवास इकाई बिक्री गर्न वा भाडामा दिन सक्छ, र आवास इकाई धनीलाई प्रमाणपत्र दिनुपर्छ। पूरा रकम बुझाएपछि इकाई धनीको पूर्ण स्वामित्व हुन्छ, र धनीले सम्झौताका शर्तभित्र रही बेच्न, भाडामा दिन वा हस्तान्तरण गर्न सक्छ। जग्गा, संरचना, करिडोर, भर्याङ, पार्किङ, लिफ्ट र पम्पजस्ता सामूहिक क्षेत्र तथा सुविधा बाँडफाँट गर्न पाइँदैन, र प्रत्येक धनीले आफ्नो उपभोगको अनुपातमा सामूहिक खर्च बेहोर्नुपर्छ; नतिर्ने धनीलाई संस्थापकले सामूहिक सेवा रोक्न सक्छ। Nepal Law Commission, Government of Nepal Sections 8–11, pp. 4–5; Sections 16–20, pp. 8–9
- The developer is responsible for protecting, maintaining, repairing and cleaning the building and its common areas. When all units have been sold, or the developer is dissolved or insolvent, the unit owners can form a housing management committee to take over this work. The designated authority can give directions to the developer or committee for proper management.भवन र सामूहिक क्षेत्रको संरक्षण, रेखदेख, मर्मत र सरसफाइको दायित्व संस्थापकको हुन्छ। सबै इकाई बिक्री भएपछि वा संस्थापक विघटन वा दामासाहीमा परेमा आवास इकाई धनीहरूले आवास व्यवस्थापन समिति बनाएर यो काम आफैँ गर्न सक्छन्। उचित सञ्चालनका लागि अधिकारप्राप्त अधिकारीले संस्थापक वा समितिलाई निर्देशन दिन सक्छ। Nepal Law Commission, Government of Nepal Sections 23–24, pp. 9–10; Section 33, p. 13
- Building an apartment block without approval can draw a fine of up to Rs 100,000 and an order to demolish it. A developer that does not follow the approved map, structural design and standards, so that the building is damaged, faces a fine of Rs 100,000–500,000, and anyone harmed when a building collapses because of technical faults can claim compensation from the developer. Complaints must be made within three months of learning of an offence (and within a year of it), and the authority's decisions can be appealed to the district court within 35 days.स्वीकृतिबिना संयुक्त आवास भवन बनाएमा एक लाख रुपैयाँसम्म जरिबाना गरी भवन भत्काउन आदेश दिन सकिन्छ। स्वीकृत नक्सा, संरचनात्मक डिजाइन र मापदण्डअनुसार नबनाएका कारण भवन क्षतिग्रस्त भएमा संस्थापकलाई एक लाखदेखि पाँच लाख रुपैयाँसम्म जरिबाना हुन्छ, र प्राविधिक त्रुटिका कारण भवन भत्किएर क्षति पुगेमा पीडितले संस्थापकबाट क्षतिपूर्ति भराउन सक्छ। कसुर थाहा पाएको तीन महिनाभित्र (कसुर भएको एक वर्षभित्र) उजुरी गर्नुपर्छ, र अधिकारप्राप्त अधिकारीको निर्णयउपर ३५ दिनभित्र जिल्ला अदालतमा पुनरावेदन लाग्छ। Nepal Law Commission, Government of Nepal Section 28, pp. 11–12; Sections 31–32, pp. 12–13
Gaps, loopholes and improvement ideas
- Outdated The Act has not been updated for the federal system. The Auditor General said the Ministry of Urban Development should draft or revise the Ownership of Joint Housing Act 2054, among other laws, to fit the federal structure.ऐन सङ्घीय व्यवस्थाअनुसार अद्यावधिक भएको छैन। महालेखापरीक्षकले संयुक्त आवासको स्वामित्व सम्बन्धी ऐन, २०५४ लगायतका कानून सङ्घीय व्यवस्थाअनुरूप हुने गरी सहरी विकास मन्त्रालयले तर्जुमा वा परिमार्जन गर्नुपर्ने भनेको छ। Office of the Auditor General, Nepal OAG 63rd Annual Report, Ministry of Urban Development chapter, para 17, printed p. 401 (PDF p. 433)
Ideas to fix it
- Draft or revise the Ownership of Joint Housing Act so that it fits the federal structure.संयुक्त आवासको स्वामित्व सम्बन्धी ऐनलाई सङ्घीय संरचनाअनुरूप हुने गरी तर्जुमा वा परिमार्जन गर्ने। Proposed by: Office of the Auditor General (63rd Annual Report) Office of the Auditor General, Nepal
Where does it conflict with other laws?
No conflict with another law is documented in the sources we have reviewed so far.