- Type
- Act
- Year
- २०३४ BS · 1978 AD
- Status
- In force
- Category
- खण्ड १२: खाद्य, कृषि, सहकारी तथा भूमि प्रशासन · Volume 12: Food, Agriculture, Cooperative and Land Administration
- Official text
- Official page Official text (PDF)
- English translation
- Official English translation archived copy: the original page is no longer online
Includes amendments up to: 2066 BS. Translations may not include later amendments. The Nepali text is the authoritative law.
Analysis drawn from official reports, court rulings and published research, each cited. Figures are being double-checked against the source documents; corrections are welcome.
What does it do?
- The government sets up land revenue offices (malpot karyalaya) in each district, replacing the old revenue and land administration offices. These offices keep the register of every plot of land in the district, based on cadastral survey records, register ownership transfers and inheritance, and freeze or release land at the request of courts, government offices, banks, financial institutions and local levels.नेपाल सरकारले प्रत्येक जिल्लामा पुराना माल अड्डा र भूमि प्रशासन कार्यालयको सट्टा मालपोत कार्यालय स्थापना गर्छ। यी कार्यालयले नापजाँचको अभिलेखका आधारमा जिल्लाभरका प्रत्येक जग्गाको दर्ता राख्छन्, हक हस्तान्तरण र अपुतालीको दर्ता गर्छन्, र अदालत, सरकारी कार्यालय, बैंक, वित्तीय संस्था र स्थानीय तहले लेखेबमोजिम जग्गा रोक्का वा फुकुवा गर्छन्। Nepal Law Commission, Government of Nepal Sections 3–8, pp. 4–8
- Every landowner must pay land revenue (malpot) each year at the rate set by law; the office collects it, but the government may by Gazette notice hand collection to local levels, which keep the money. Unpaid revenue can lead to the land being frozen and auctioned, while relief is available when land is lost to river erosion, sand deposits or landslides, or when drought or other disasters destroy crops.प्रत्येक जग्गाधनीले कानूनले तोकेको दरमा हरेक वर्ष मालपोत बुझाउनुपर्छ; मालपोत कार्यालयले उठाउँछ, तर सरकारले राजपत्रमा सूचना निकालेर स्थानीय तहलाई उठाउन दिन सक्छ र स्थानीय तहले सो रकम आफ्नै कोषमा राख्छ। मालपोत बाँकी भए जग्गा रोक्का र लिलाम हुन सक्छ, तर नदीकटान, बालुवा थुप्रिने वा पहिरोले जग्गा गएमा र खडेरी वा अन्य दैवी प्रकोपले बाली नभएमा मालपोत मिनाहा हुन्छ। Nepal Law Commission, Government of Nepal Sections 9–21, pp. 8–12
- Government, public and community land may not be registered in, or farmed by, any individual; any such registration is void and must be cancelled, and land revenue offices must keep up-to-date records of such land. Unregistered land may be cultivated only with a committee's approval, and only by people below the landholding limit.सरकारी, सार्वजनिक वा सामुदायिक जग्गा कुनै व्यक्तिको नाममा दर्ता गर्न वा आवाद गर्न पाइँदैन; त्यस्तो दर्ता बदर हुन्छ र लगत कट्टा गरिन्छ, र मालपोत कार्यालयले त्यस्ता जग्गाको अद्यावधिक अभिलेख राख्नुपर्छ। दर्ता नभएको जग्गा तोकिएको समितिको स्वीकृतिमा र हदभन्दा कम जग्गा भएका व्यक्तिले मात्र आवाद गर्न पाउँछन्। Nepal Law Commission, Government of Nepal Sections 24–26, pp. 13–14
- Since the 2080 amendment, anyone who, for a fee, brokers or advises on buying or selling houses and land above thresholds set by Gazette notice needs a real-estate business licence; licensees are inspected and supervised, and licences can be cancelled, with penalties and government prosecution for violations.२०८० को संशोधनपछि राजपत्रमा तोकिएको सीमाभन्दा बढीको घरजग्गा खरिद–बिक्रीमा शुल्क लिई सहयोग वा परामर्श गर्ने व्यवसायीले घरजग्गा कारोबारको इजाजतपत्र लिनुपर्छ; इजाजतप्राप्तको निरीक्षण र सुपरिवेक्षण हुन्छ, इजाजत खारेज गर्न सकिन्छ, र उल्लङ्घनमा सजाय तथा सरकार वादी भई मुद्दा चल्छ। Nepal Law Commission, Government of Nepal Sections 26क–26च, pp. 15–16
Gaps, loopholes and improvement ideas
- Not enforced There is no complete central record of government and public land, which section 24 protects. The Department of Land Management had not compiled a central record, by district and office, of the area of government and public land under its offices in all 77 districts.दफा २४ ले संरक्षण गरेको सरकारी र सार्वजनिक जग्गाको पूर्ण केन्द्रीय अभिलेख छैन। भूमि व्यवस्थापन विभागले ७७ जिल्लाका मातहत कार्यालयको क्षेत्रमा पर्ने सरकारी तथा सार्वजनिक जग्गाको क्षेत्रफल खुल्ने गरी जिल्ला र कार्यालयगत विवरण एकीकृत गरी केन्द्रीय अभिलेख पूर्ण रूपमा राखेको थिएन। Office of the Auditor General, Nepal · Nepal Law Commission, Government of Nepal OAG 63rd Report, MoLMCPA chapter, Department of Land Management para 20, printed p. 297; Act s. 24(3), p. 13
Ideas to fix it
- Keep a record covering all categories of land, including government and public land.सबै प्रकारका जग्गाको विवरण खुल्ने गरी अभिलेख राख्ने। Proposed by: Office of the Auditor General (63rd Annual Report) Office of the Auditor General, Nepal
- Implement the Land Revenue Act provision that real-estate business may be done only with a licence.मालपोत ऐनमा भएको व्यवस्थाअनुरूप घरजग्गा व्यवसायको इजाजत लिएर मात्र घरजग्गा कारोबार गर्नुपर्ने व्यवस्था कार्यान्वयन गर्ने। Proposed by: High-Level Economic Reform Suggestion Commission (2081) High-Level Economic Reform Commission (उच्चस्तरीय आर्थिक सुधार सुझाव आयोग), submitted to the Ministry of Finance
Where does it conflict with other laws?
No conflict with another law is documented in the sources we have reviewed so far.
Regulations and rules made under it
- मालपोत (आठौं संशोधन) नियमावली, २०८२ Status not yet confirmed
- मालपोत (नवौं संशोधन) नियमावली, २०८३ Status not yet confirmed
- मालपोत नियमावली, २०३६ In force