- Type
- Regulation
- Year
- २०७५ BS
- Status
- In force
- Category
- खण्ड ९ ख: श्रम तथा यातायात · Volume 9 B: Labour and Transportation
- Made under
- The Labour Act, 2017
- Official text
- Official page Official text (PDF)
Analysis drawn from official reports, court rulings and published research, each cited. Figures are being double-checked against the source documents; corrections are welcome.
What does it do?
- An employer who wants to hire a foreign national must first apply to the Department of Labour and Occupational Safety for a labour permit. The application must include the job advertisement, the foreigner's passport and CV, tax clearance, details of any Nepali applicants and how they were assessed, and a plan to train Nepali citizens to replace the foreign worker. The Department decides within 30 days. The fee is Rs 15,000 per person for up to six months and Rs 20,000 for longer. A permit can be granted for up to five years for a highly skilled technical worker and up to three years for others.विदेशी नागरिकलाई काममा लगाउन चाहने रोजगारदाताले पहिले श्रम तथा व्यवसायजन्य सुरक्षा विभागमा श्रम इजाजतका लागि निवेदन दिनुपर्छ। निवेदनसाथ विज्ञापन, विदेशीको राहदानी र व्यक्तिगत विवरण, कर चुक्ता प्रमाण, नेपाली उम्मेदवारको योग्यता र छनोटको विवरण तथा विदेशी श्रमिकको सट्टा नेपाली नागरिकलाई दक्ष बनाउने कार्ययोजना पेस गर्नुपर्छ। विभागले ३० दिनभित्र निर्णय गर्छ। छ महिनासम्मका लागि प्रतिव्यक्ति रु. १५ हजार र सोभन्दा बढीका लागि रु. २० हजार दस्तुर लाग्छ। अति दक्ष प्राविधिक श्रमिकलाई बढीमा पाँच वर्ष र अरूलाई बढीमा तीन वर्षसम्मको इजाजत दिन सकिन्छ। Nepal Law Commission Rules 7(1)-(2), 8(3)-(4), 10(1) and 11(2), PDF pp. 4-7
- To extend a foreign worker's permit, the employer must apply at least 30 days before it expires, attaching the worker's performance and a progress report on the plan to train Nepalis to replace the worker. Extensions beyond the normal limit need Ministry approval.विदेशी श्रमिकको इजाजत अवधि थप गर्न रोजगारदाताले अवधि सकिनुभन्दा कम्तीमा ३० दिनअगावै निवेदन दिनुपर्छ। निवेदनसाथ श्रमिकको कार्यसम्पादन र नेपाली नागरिकलाई दक्ष बनाई विदेशी श्रमिकको सट्टा राख्ने योजनाको प्रगति विवरण पेस गर्नुपर्छ। सामान्य सीमाभन्दा बढी अवधि थप्न मन्त्रालयको स्वीकृति चाहिन्छ। Nepal Law Commission Rule 11(3)-(4) and Rule 12(1)(क)-(ग), PDF p. 7
- Employers must move workers' provident fund and gratuity money into the Social Security Fund under the Contribution-based Social Security Act. Provident fund savings must be transferred within six months of the employer being listed with the Fund, in one go or in up to three instalments. Gratuity must be transferred within two years, in one go or in up to four instalments.रोजगारदाताले श्रमिकको सञ्चयकोष र उपदानको रकम योगदानमा आधारित सामाजिक सुरक्षा ऐनबमोजिम सामाजिक सुरक्षा कोषमा सार्नुपर्छ। सञ्चयकोषको रकम रोजगारदाता कोषमा सूचीकृत भएको छ महिनाभित्र एकमुष्ठ वा बढीमा तीन किस्तामा र उपदानको रकम दुई वर्षभित्र एकमुष्ठ वा बढीमा चार किस्तामा हस्तान्तरण गर्नुपर्छ। Nepal Law Commission Rule 22(1)-(2) and Rule 23(1)-(2), PDF p. 12
- Employers must adopt an occupational safety and health policy suited to their work. Every establishment with 20 or more workers must form a safety and health committee, including up to three trade-union members (at least one a woman), which meets at least four times a year. Workplaces with 50 or more women workers must provide a childcare centre for children under three. Occupational safety and health inspectors check whether employers meet the rules on hazardous work, machinery, boilers and heavy loads.रोजगारदाताले आफ्नो कामको प्रकृतिअनुसार व्यवसायजन्य सुरक्षा तथा स्वास्थ्य नीति बनाउनुपर्छ। बीस वा सोभन्दा बढी श्रमिक भएको प्रतिष्ठानमा ट्रेड युनियनका बढीमा तीन जना (कम्तीमा एक महिला) सहितको सुरक्षा तथा स्वास्थ्य समिति बनाउनुपर्छ, जसको बैठक वर्षमा कम्तीमा चार पटक बस्छ। पचास वा सोभन्दा बढी महिला श्रमिक भएको कार्यस्थलमा तीन वर्षमुनिका बालबालिकाका लागि शिशु स्याहार केन्द्र चाहिन्छ। व्यवसायजन्य सुरक्षा तथा स्वास्थ्य निरीक्षकले जोखिमयुक्त काम, मेसिन, बोइलर र गह्रौँ भारीसम्बन्धी नियम पालना भए नभएको जाँच गर्छन्। Nepal Law Commission Rule 34(1), Rule 37(1), (4), Rule 45(1) and Rule 48(1)(क), PDF pp. 18-19, 27
- Each year, by the end of Poush, an establishment may have a labour audit carried out under criteria set by the Ministry, either by one of its own management-level staff or by another person or body working in the labour field. The report is kept in the Schedule-10 format, given to the labour inspector, the labour relations committee and the body that regulates or licensed the establishment (for example Nepal Rastra Bank for banks). A person who puts false information in an audit report can be fined each time under Section 163(2)(b) of the Act.प्रतिष्ठानले हरेक वर्ष पुस मसान्तभित्र मन्त्रालयले तोकेको मापदण्डअनुसार आफ्नै व्यवस्थापकीय तहको श्रमिक वा श्रम क्षेत्रसँग सम्बद्ध अन्य व्यक्ति वा संस्थामार्फत श्रम अडिट गराउन सक्छ। अडिट प्रतिवेदन अनुसूची-१० को ढाँचामा राखी श्रम निरीक्षक, श्रम सम्बन्ध समिति र प्रतिष्ठानको नियामक वा अनुमति दिने निकाय (जस्तै बैङ्कका लागि नेपाल राष्ट्र बैङ्क) लाई दिनुपर्छ। अडिट प्रतिवेदनमा गलत विवरण दिनेलाई ऐनको दफा १६३(२)(ख) बमोजिम पटकैपिच्छे जरिबाना हुन सक्छ। Nepal Law Commission Rule 56(1)-(4), PDF pp. 31-32
Gaps, loopholes and improvement ideas
- Not enforced Labour audits are collected but not acted on. The Auditor General, citing Rule 56, reported that the Department of Labour and Occupational Safety set a target of collecting 5,000 labour audit reports and received 4,139 in 2080/81, and said the Department had not been able to play an effective role in getting the reports implemented. In 2081/82 it received 4,274 against the same target, and the Auditor General again asked that the reports be implemented.श्रम अडिट प्रतिवेदन सङ्कलन भए पनि कार्यान्वयन भएको छैन। महालेखापरीक्षकले नियम ५६ उल्लेख गर्दै श्रम तथा व्यवसायजन्य सुरक्षा विभागले २०८०/८१ मा ५,००० प्रतिवेदन सङ्कलन गर्ने लक्ष्य राखेकोमा ४,१३९ मात्र पाएको र प्रतिवेदन कार्यान्वयन गराउन विभागले प्रभावकारी भूमिका खेल्न नसकेको जनाएको छ। २०८१/८२ मा उही लक्ष्यमा ४,२७४ प्रतिवेदन प्राप्त भएको र तिनको कार्यान्वयन गराउनुपर्ने भनेको छ। Office of the Auditor General, Nepal · Office of the Auditor General, Nepal OAG 62nd Annual Report, MoLESS chapter, para 13, printed p. 504 (PDF p. 534); OAG 63rd Annual Report, MoLESS chapter, para 13, printed p. 468 (PDF p. 500); Rule 56, PDF pp. 31-32
- Not enforced Workplace safety and health rules are widely unmet and inspectors lack the tools to measure conditions. Reporting on the inspections carried out under Rule 48(1) (3,830 establishments in 2080/81; 3,762 establishments and 435 boilers in 2081/82), the Auditor General said the Department's own inspection reports found establishments that had not formed safety and health committees, had no safety and health policy, did not manage waste properly, had no safety signs on machinery and did not provide helmets, gloves and other protective equipment. It also noted that equipment to measure workplace light and noise was not being used and no temperature standard had been prepared.कार्यस्थलको सुरक्षा तथा स्वास्थ्यसम्बन्धी नियम धेरै ठाउँमा पालना भएका छैनन् र निरीक्षकले अवस्था मापन गर्ने उपकरण प्रयोग गरेका छैनन्। नियम ४८(१) बमोजिम भएका निरीक्षण (२०८०/८१ मा ३,८३० प्रतिष्ठान; २०८१/८२ मा ३,७६२ प्रतिष्ठान र ४३५ बोइलर) बारे महालेखापरीक्षकले विभागकै निरीक्षण प्रतिवेदनमा सुरक्षा तथा स्वास्थ्य समिति गठन नगरेको, नीति नबनाएको, फोहोरमैलाको उचित व्यवस्थापन नभएको, मेसिनमा सुरक्षा सङ्केत नभएको र हेल्मेट, पन्जाजस्ता सुरक्षा सामग्री नदिएको उल्लेख भएको जनाएको छ। कार्यस्थलको प्रकाश र ध्वनि मापन गर्ने उपकरण प्रयोग नभएको र तापक्रमसम्बन्धी मापदण्ड नबनेको पनि उल्लेख छ। Office of the Auditor General, Nepal · Office of the Auditor General, Nepal OAG 62nd Annual Report, MoLESS chapter, para 14, printed p. 504 (PDF p. 534); OAG 63rd Annual Report, MoLESS chapter, para 14, printed p. 468 (PDF p. 500); Rules 34, 37 and 48(1), PDF pp. 18-19, 27
- Not enforced Plans to replace foreign workers with trained Nepalis are not followed up. The regulation asks employers to submit a replacement plan with a labour permit application and a progress report when seeking an extension. The Auditor General reported that the Department issued or renewed permits for 2,685 foreign nationals in 2080/81 and 2,559 in 2081/82, and that although it requires a replacement plan, it did not monitor whether the plans were carried out or check on foreigners who did not obtain or renew permits.विदेशी श्रमिकको सट्टा दक्ष नेपाली राख्ने योजनाको अनुगमन भएको छैन। नियमावलीले श्रम इजाजतको निवेदनसँग प्रतिस्थापन कार्ययोजना र अवधि थप गर्दा त्यसको प्रगति विवरण माग्छ। महालेखापरीक्षकका अनुसार विभागले २०८०/८१ मा २,६८५ र २०८१/८२ मा २,५५९ गैरनेपालीलाई श्रम स्वीकृति दिएको वा नवीकरण गरेको छ; प्रतिस्थापन योजना पेस गराए पनि त्यसको कार्यान्वयन र श्रम स्वीकृति नलिने वा नवीकरण नगर्नेको अनुगमन गरेको पाइएन। Office of the Auditor General, Nepal · Office of the Auditor General, Nepal OAG 62nd Annual Report, MoLESS chapter, para 15, printed p. 504 (PDF p. 534); OAG 63rd Annual Report, MoLESS chapter, para 15, printed p. 468 (PDF p. 500); Rules 7(2)(च) and 12(1)(ग), PDF pp. 4, 7
Ideas to fix it
- Make labour audits of good quality and ensure the reports collected are implemented.श्रम अडिटलाई गुणस्तरीय बनाउने र सङ्कलित प्रतिवेदन कार्यान्वयन गराउने। Proposed by: Office of the Auditor General Office of the Auditor General, Nepal · Office of the Auditor General, Nepal
- Improve health and safety arrangements at workplaces, including measuring light and noise with the proper equipment and preparing a temperature standard.कार्यस्थलको स्वास्थ्य तथा सुरक्षा व्यवस्था सुधार गर्ने, उपयुक्त उपकरणबाट प्रकाश र ध्वनि मापन गर्ने र तापक्रमसम्बन्धी मापदण्ड बनाउने। Proposed by: Office of the Auditor General Office of the Auditor General, Nepal · Office of the Auditor General, Nepal
- The Department should play an effective role in replacing foreign workers with skilled Nepalis, including monitoring replacement plans.विदेशी श्रमिकको सट्टा दक्ष नेपाली राख्ने काममा विभागले प्रतिस्थापन योजनाको अनुगमनसहित प्रभावकारी भूमिका खेल्ने। Proposed by: Office of the Auditor General Office of the Auditor General, Nepal · Office of the Auditor General, Nepal
Where does it conflict with other laws?
No conflict with another law is documented in the sources we have reviewed so far.