- Type
- Act
- Year
- २०७५ BS
- Status
- In force
- Category
- खण्ड ४: आन्तरिक प्रशासन · Volume 4: Internal Administration
- Official text
- Official page Official text (PDF)
- English translation
- Official English translation archived copy: the original page is no longer online
Translations may not include later amendments. The Nepali text is the authoritative law.
Analysis drawn from official reports, court rulings and published research, each cited. Figures are being double-checked against the source documents; corrections are welcome.
What does it do?
- The Act protects the privacy of every person's body, family, home, property, documents, data, correspondence and character. A person's physical and mental condition and intimate matters (such as genetic or gender identity, sexuality, pregnancy or abortion) may not be disclosed without consent except for examination, treatment or emergency rescue. Body searches, entry into homes without notice, opening letters, taking or selling someone's photo, and disclosing secrets are restricted.यो ऐनले हरेक व्यक्तिको जीउ, परिवार, आवास, सम्पत्ति, लिखत, तथ्याङ्क, पत्राचार र चरित्रसम्बन्धी गोपनीयताको संरक्षण गर्छ। परीक्षण, उपचार वा आपत्कालीन उद्धारबाहेक व्यक्तिको शारीरिक तथा मानसिक अवस्था र आनुवंशिक वा लैङ्गिक पहिचान, यौनिकता, गर्भ वा गर्भपतन जस्ता निजी विषय मञ्जुरीबिना खुलाउन पाइँदैन। शरीरको तलासी, सूचनाबिना आवासमा प्रवेश, अर्काको चिठीपत्र खोल्ने, तस्बिर खिच्ने वा बेच्ने र गोप्य कुरा प्रकट गर्ने काममा रोक छ। Nepal Law Commission (lawcommission.gov.np), consolidated text Sections 3–18, PDF pp. 3–10
- Personal data may be collected only with consent and used only for the purpose collected (with exceptions for national security). Public bodies and organisations holding personal information must protect it against unauthorised access, use or disclosure, and may not use or share it without consent except for listed purposes such as criminal investigation on written request, court orders, or questions about a public official's eligibility; sensitive information may not be processed without consent, and people may ask for their data to be corrected. Electronic communications are private, CCTV may not be installed in toilets, bathrooms or changing rooms (and its use must be signposted), and surveillance and unauthorised drone use are banned.व्यक्तिगत तथ्याङ्क मञ्जुरी लिएर मात्र सङ्कलन गर्न र सङ्कलनको प्रयोजनमा मात्र प्रयोग गर्न पाइन्छ (राष्ट्रिय सुरक्षाका लागि अपवाद छ)। वैयक्तिक सूचना राख्ने सार्वजनिक निकाय र संस्थाले त्यसलाई अनधिकृत पहुँच, प्रयोग वा खुलासाबाट जोगाउनुपर्छ, र फौजदारी अनुसन्धानका लागि लिखित माग, अदालतको आदेश वा सार्वजनिक पदाधिकारीको योग्यतासम्बन्धी प्रश्न जस्ता तोकिएका अवस्थाबाहेक सहमतिबिना प्रयोग गर्न वा अरूलाई दिन पाउँदैन; संवेदनशील सूचना मञ्जुरीबिना प्रशोधन गर्न पाइँदैन, र व्यक्तिले आफ्नो सूचना सच्याउन निवेदन दिन सक्छ। विद्युतीय सञ्चार गोप्य हुन्छ, शौचालय, स्नानगृह वा कपडा फेर्ने कोठामा सीसीटीभी राख्न पाइँदैन (र राखिएको ठाउँमा सूचना दिनुपर्छ), र जासुसी तथा अनधिकृत ड्रोन प्रयोग निषेधित छ। Nepal Law Commission (lawcommission.gov.np), consolidated text Section 12, PDF pp. 8–9; Sections 19–28, PDF pp. 11–16
- Breaching the Act's main provisions is punishable by up to three years in prison or a fine of up to Rs 30,000 or both. Under Section 29(3), breaches of Sections 5(1), 7(2)–(4), 21, 22, 23(1), (3) and (7), 26(1) and 27(1) are prosecuted by the State as government cases (treated as listed in Schedule 1 of the Criminal Procedure Code, 2074); for the other offences, the person affected may complain to the district court within three months of the act. Anyone harmed may also claim compensation in the district court; public officials who breach the Act face departmental punishment as well.ऐनका मुख्य प्रावधान उल्लङ्घन गरेमा तीन वर्षसम्म कैद वा तीस हजार रुपैयाँसम्म जरिवाना वा दुवै सजाय हुन्छ। दफा २९(३) अनुसार दफा ५(१), ७(२)–(४), २१, २२, २३(१), (३) र (७), २६(१) र २७(१) विपरीतका कसूर नेपाल सरकारवादी हुन्छन् (मुलुकी फौजदारी कार्यविधि (संहिता) ऐन, २०७४ को अनुसूची-१ मा परेको मानिन्छ); अन्य कसूरमा सरोकारवाला व्यक्तिले काम भएको तीन महिनाभित्र जिल्ला अदालतमा उजुर गर्न सक्छ। हानिनोक्सानी भएमा पीडितले जिल्ला अदालतमा क्षतिपूर्ति पनि माग्न सक्छ; ऐन उल्लङ्घन गर्ने सार्वजनिक पदाधिकारीलाई विभागीय सजाय पनि हुन्छ। Nepal Law Commission (lawcommission.gov.np), consolidated text Sections 29–32, PDF pp. 17–18
Gaps, loopholes and improvement ideas
None documented in the official reports we have reviewed so far.
Where does it conflict with other laws?
No conflict with another law is documented in the sources we have reviewed so far.