Act

Civil Criminal Procedure Code, 2074

All laws Acts

Type
Act
Year
२०७४ BS
Status
In force
Category
खण्ड बाहेकका ऐन · Act Not-In-Volume
Official text
Official page Official text (PDF)

Analysis drawn from official reports, court rulings and published research, each cited. Figures are being double-checked against the source documents; corrections are welcome.

What does it do?

  • The National Criminal Procedure Code, 2074 (in force since 1 Bhadra 2075) sets the procedure for investigating, prosecuting, trying and deciding criminal cases and for enforcing judgments. It sorts offences into schedules: Schedule 1 offences are investigated by police and prosecuted by the government, Schedule 2 offences by the officer named in the relevant law (or, failing that, the Chief District Officer), and Schedules 3 and 4 cover lesser offences that may be settled. It defines 'serious' offences (more than 3 and up to 10 years' prison) and 'heinous' offences (life imprisonment or more than 10 years).मुलुकी फौजदारी कार्यविधि संहिता, २०७४ (२०७५ भदौ १ देखि लागू) ले फौजदारी मुद्दाको अनुसन्धान, अभियोजन, दायरी, सुनुवाइ, फैसला र फैसला कार्यान्वयनको कार्यविधि तोक्छ। कसुरलाई अनुसूचीमा बाँडिएको छ: अनुसूची–१ का कसुरको अनुसन्धान प्रहरीले गर्छ र सरकार वादी हुन्छ, अनुसूची–२ का कसुरको अनुसन्धान सम्बन्धित कानूनले तोकेको अधिकारी (नतोकिएको भए प्रमुख जिल्ला अधिकारी) ले गर्छ, र अनुसूची–३ तथा ४ मा मिलापत्र हुन सक्ने साना कसुर पर्छन्। तीन वर्षभन्दा बढी दस वर्षसम्म कैद हुने कसुरलाई 'गम्भीर कसुर' र जन्मकैद वा दस वर्षभन्दा बढी कैद हुने कसुरलाई 'जघन्य कसुर' भनिन्छ। Nepal Law Commission, Government of Nepal Section 1, pp. 1–2; Section 2(d), (g)–(h), (l), pp. 2–3; Section 9(7), p. 12
  • Anyone who learns of a Schedule 1 offence must report it to the nearest police office, in person, by post or electronically, and the police must register it and give a receipt. A person arrested must receive a detention warrant stating the reason, may consult a lawyer, and must be brought before a judicial authority within 24 hours (excluding travel time). Further custody for investigation needs the court's permission, through the government attorney's office, up to a maximum of 25 days. For a few grave offences, such as attacks on the President, espionage, explosives, abduction and hostage-taking, up to 15 more days may be allowed.अनुसूची–१ को कसुर भएको थाहा पाउनेले नजिकको प्रहरी कार्यालयमा आफैँ गएर, हुलाकबाट वा विद्युतीय माध्यमबाट जाहेरी दिनुपर्छ; प्रहरीले दर्ता गरी भरपाई दिनुपर्छ। पक्राउ परेको व्यक्तिलाई कारण खुलाइएको थुनुवा पुर्जी दिनुपर्छ, उसले कानून व्यवसायीसँग सल्लाह लिन पाउँछ, र बाटोको म्यादबाहेक २४ घण्टाभित्र मुद्दा हेर्ने अधिकारीसमक्ष उपस्थित गराउनुपर्छ। अनुसन्धानका लागि थप थुनामा राख्न सरकारी वकिल कार्यालयमार्फत अदालतको अनुमति चाहिन्छ, र बढीमा २५ दिनसम्म मात्र राख्न सकिन्छ। राष्ट्रपतिमाथि आक्रमण, जासुसी, विस्फोटक पदार्थ, अपहरण र शरीर बन्धक जस्ता केही गम्भीर कसुरमा थप १५ दिनसम्म अनुमति दिन सकिन्छ। Nepal Law Commission, Government of Nepal Section 4, p. 6; Sections 13–14, pp. 17–18
  • After investigation the government attorney decides whether to prosecute and files the charge sheet in court within the time limit. The charge sheet must include the evidence, the punishment sought, compensation for the victim, and, since 2080, any related money-laundering charge. An accused who helps the investigation may be offered a reduced-sentence charge. A case dropped for lack of evidence can be reopened if important new evidence is found.अनुसन्धानपछि मुद्दा चलाउने वा नचलाउने निर्णय सरकारी वकिलले गर्छ र म्यादभित्र अदालतमा अभियोगपत्र दायर गर्छ। अभियोगपत्रमा प्रमाण, माग गरिएको सजाय, पीडितलाई दिलाउनुपर्ने क्षतिपूर्ति, र २०८० को संशोधनपछि सम्बद्ध सम्पत्ति शुद्धीकरण कसुरको माग दाबीसमेत खुलाउनुपर्छ। अनुसन्धानमा सहयोग गर्ने अभियुक्तलाई सजाय घटाउने माग दाबीसहित अभियोगपत्र दायर गर्न सकिन्छ। प्रमाणको अभावमा मुद्दा नचलाउने निर्णय भएको भए पनि पछि महत्त्वपूर्ण प्रमाण भेटिए पुनः अनुसन्धान गरी मुद्दा चलाउन सकिन्छ। Nepal Law Commission, Government of Nepal Sections 31(8)–32, pp. 33–34; Section 33, p. 37
  • Courts must keep in custody, pending trial, anyone accused of an offence punishable by life imprisonment, or of a Schedule 1 or 2 offence punishable by more than three years, where the evidence points to guilt. Otherwise they may release the accused on bail, surety or bank guarantee, or on a date-appearance basis. Children, the seriously ill, women more than seven months pregnant and people over 75 may be released on bail unless the offence carries more than ten years. Schedule 3 and 4 cases can be settled by agreement, and Schedule 4 cases can be sent to mediation.जन्मकैद हुन सक्ने कसुर, वा तीन वर्षभन्दा बढी कैद हुन सक्ने अनुसूची–१ वा २ का कसुरको अभियोग लागेको अभियुक्त तत्काल प्राप्त प्रमाणबाट कसुरदार देखिए अदालतले पुर्पक्षका लागि थुनामा राख्छ। अन्य अवस्थामा धरौट, जमानत वा बैङ्क जमानत लिई वा तारेखमा राखी पुर्पक्ष गर्न सकिन्छ। दस वर्षभन्दा बढी कैद हुने कसुरबाहेक बालबालिका, अशक्त बिरामी, सात महिनाभन्दा बढीकी गर्भवती महिला र ७५ वर्षमाथिका वृद्धलाई धरौट वा जमानतमा छोड्न सकिन्छ। अनुसूची–३ र ४ का मुद्दामा मिलापत्र हुन सक्छ, र अनुसूची–४ का मुद्दा मेलमिलापमा पठाउन सकिन्छ। Nepal Law Commission, Government of Nepal Sections 67–69, pp. 64–65; Sections 117 and 120, pp. 91–92
  • The Code also covers court jurisdiction, summons and arrest warrants, witnesses and evidence, the hearing and judgment, appeals and review, and enforcement of sentences, fines and compensation. It has been amended six times, most recently by the Good Governance Promotion and Public Service Delivery (Some Nepal Acts Amendment) Act, 2081.संहितामा अदालतको अधिकारक्षेत्र, समाह्वान र पक्राउ पुर्जी, साक्षी तथा प्रमाण परीक्षण, सुनुवाइ र फैसला, पुनरावेदन तथा साधक, र कैद, जरिवाना तथा क्षतिपूर्तिको फैसला कार्यान्वयनसम्बन्धी व्यवस्था पनि छन्। संहिता छ पटक संशोधन भइसकेको छ; पछिल्लो संशोधन सुशासन प्रवर्द्धन तथा सार्वजनिक सेवा प्रवाहसम्बन्धी केही नेपाल ऐनलाई संशोधन गर्ने ऐन, २०८१ ले गरेको हो। Nepal Law Commission, Government of Nepal Chapters 4–6, 11 and 13–15, pp. 43–126; title page, p. 1

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