- Type
- Act
- Year
- २०६३ BS
- Status
- In force
- Category
- खण्ड ५: सुरक्षा प्रशासन · Volume 5: Security Administration
- Official text
- Official page Official text (PDF)
- English translation
- Official English translation archived copy: the original page is no longer online
Includes amendments up to: 2066 BS. Translations may not include later amendments. The Nepali text is the authoritative law.
Analysis drawn from official reports, court rulings and published research, each cited. Figures are being double-checked against the source documents; corrections are welcome.
What does it do?
- The Nepali Army exists to defend Nepal's independence, sovereignty, territorial integrity and national unity. Its organisation must be inclusive and national in character; its structure and number of posts are approved by the Government of Nepal, which can give directions on matters the Act does not cover. The National Security Council recommends policy on mobilising and using the Army, its size and its equipment.नेपालको स्वतन्त्रता, सार्वभौमसत्ता, भौगोलिक अखण्डता, स्वाधीनता र राष्ट्रिय एकताको रक्षाका लागि नेपाली सेना रहन्छ। सेनाको सङ्गठन समावेशी र राष्ट्रिय स्वरूपको हुनुपर्छ; त्यसको सङ्गठनात्मक संरचना र दरबन्दी नेपाल सरकारले स्वीकृत गर्छ, र ऐनमा नलेखिएका विषयमा सरकारले निर्देशन दिन सक्छ। सेनाको परिचालन, सञ्चालन र प्रयोग, सङ्ख्या, संरचना र हातहतियारबारे राष्ट्रिय सुरक्षा परिषद्ले सरकारलाई सुझाव दिन्छ। Nepal Law Commission (lawcommission.gov.np), consolidated text Section 4, PDF p. 6; Section 6(3), PDF p. 6; Section 7, PDF p. 7
- The Chief of the Army Staff is appointed by the President on the recommendation of the Council of Ministers and is answerable to the Government of Nepal. Vacant officer posts are filled on the recommendation of a selection committee chaired by the Chair or a member of the Public Service Commission, and the Commission runs the written exams. Army personnel may not form or join associations or organisations, take part in political meetings or demonstrations, or publish pamphlets.प्रधानसेनापतिको नियुक्ति मन्त्रिपरिषद्को सिफारिसमा राष्ट्रपतिले गर्छन् र प्रधानसेनापति नेपाल सरकारप्रति उत्तरदायी हुन्छन्। अधिकृत तहका रिक्त पद लोक सेवा आयोगका अध्यक्ष वा आयोगले तोकेको सदस्यको अध्यक्षतामा रहने पदपूर्ति समितिको सिफारिसमा पूर्ति गरिन्छ, र लिखित परीक्षा लोक सेवा आयोगले सञ्चालन गर्छ। सैनिकले संघसंस्था खोल्न वा त्यसको सदस्य बन्न, राजनीतिक सभा वा प्रदर्शनमा भाग लिन, वा पर्चा–पम्प्लेट छपाउन पाउँदैनन्। Nepal Law Commission (lawcommission.gov.np), consolidated text Sections 8–9, PDF p. 7; Section 12(1), PDF p. 8; Section 19, PDF p. 10
- The Act lists military offences (Sections 37–65), tried by military courts — General, Summary General, District and Summary — made up of army officers. Corruption and theft by army personnel are investigated by a committee chaired by a Deputy Attorney General and tried by the Special Military Court. Since a 2075 amendment, murder, rape, torture and enforced disappearance committed by army personnel (other than offences between soldiers) fall under the ordinary courts, and accused personnel must be handed over to civilian investigators.ऐनले सैनिक कसूरहरू (दफा ३७–६५) तोकेको छ, जसको कारबाही सैनिक अधिकृत रहने जनरल, समरी जनरल, डिस्ट्रिक्ट र समरी सैनिक अदालतले गर्छन्। सैनिकले गरेको भ्रष्टाचार र चोरीको अनुसन्धान नायब महान्यायाधिवक्ताको अध्यक्षतामा रहने समितिले गर्छ र मुद्दा सैनिक विशेष अदालतमा चल्छ। २०७५ को संशोधनपछि सैनिकले गरेको हत्या, बलात्कार, यातना र बेपत्ता पार्ने कसूर (सैनिक–सैनिकबीचका कसूरबाहेक) साधारण अदालतको क्षेत्राधिकारमा पर्छन्, र आरोपित सैनिकलाई अनुसन्धान गर्ने निकायमा बुझाउनुपर्छ। Nepal Law Commission (lawcommission.gov.np), consolidated text Sections 37–65, PDF pp. 17–29; Section 62, PDF pp. 27–28; Section 66, PDF pp. 29–30; Sections 67–68, PDF p. 30
- A welfare fund for serving and retired army personnel and their families is financed mainly by a deduction from payments the Army receives for UN peacekeeping service, and is audited under the Act. The government may also use the Army for development construction and disaster management.बहालवाला तथा भूतपूर्व सैनिक र तिनका परिवारको कल्याणका लागि कल्याणकारी कोष रहन्छ, जसमा मुख्यतः संयुक्त राष्ट्रसङ्घीय शान्ति स्थापना कार्यबापत सेनाले पाउने रकमबाट कट्टा गरिएको रकम जम्मा हुन्छ; कोषको लेखापरीक्षण ऐनबमोजिम हुन्छ। नेपाल सरकारले सेनालाई विकास निर्माण र विपद् व्यवस्थापनमा पनि प्रयोग गर्न सक्छ। Nepal Law Commission (lawcommission.gov.np), consolidated text · Office of the Auditor General, Nepal Act Sections 29–32, PDF pp. 13–16; use in development work: Section 135(क) as cited by the OAG 63rd report, Defence chapter para 8 (PDF p. 397, printed p. 365)
Gaps, loopholes and improvement ideas
- Unclear Apart from the duties the Army Act gives it, the Army deploys soldiers to guard projects, banks, Nepal Telecom, Nepal Oil Corporation, airports and pension camps. Nepal Rastra Bank paid Rs 205.4 million in FY 2081/82 under an agreement, but nothing had been received from Nepal Telecom, the Oil Corporation, airports and others. The Auditor General said a policy decision is needed on providing army security to commercial bodies, with up-to-date records and revenue collection, and noted that this had been raised in earlier years without improvement.सैनिक ऐनले तोकेको जिम्मेवारीबाहेक सेनाले विभिन्न आयोजना, बैङ्क, नेपाल दूरसञ्चार कम्पनी, नेपाल आयल निगम, विमानस्थल र पेन्सन क्याम्पको सुरक्षामा सैनिक खटाउँदै आएको छ। सम्झौताअनुसार नेपाल राष्ट्र बैङ्कले आर्थिक वर्ष २०८१/८२ मा रु. २० करोड ५३ लाख ७९ हजार बुझाएको भए पनि दूरसञ्चार कम्पनी, आयल निगम, विमानस्थल लगायतबाट हालसम्म कुनै रकम प्राप्त भएको छैन। व्यावसायिक प्रकृतिका निकायमा सुरक्षा दिनेबारे नीतिगत निर्णय गरी अद्यावधिक अभिलेख राख्दै राजस्व उठाउनुपर्ने, र विगतदेखि औँल्याइँदै आए पनि सुधार नभएको महालेखापरीक्षकले उल्लेख गरेको छ। Office of the Auditor General, Nepal OAG 63rd report, Ministry of Defence chapter, para 6 (PDF pp. 396–397, printed pp. 364–365)
- Capacity Road work given to the Army under the Act's development provision has progressed more slowly than planned. The Army was assigned to open 203.56 km of track on 4 road projects estimated at Rs 9.40 billion; by FY 2081/82 it had completed 86.51 km (10.61 km that year) and spent Rs 3.07 billion. The Auditor General said development work should be completed on time.ऐनअन्तर्गत विकास निर्माणमा सेनालाई दिइएको सडक काम अपेक्षाभन्दा ढिलो अघि बढेको छ। रु. ९ अर्ब ४० करोड लागत अनुमानका ४ सडक योजनाको २०३.५६ किलोमिटर ट्र्याक खोल्ने जिम्मेवारी पाएकोमा आर्थिक वर्ष २०८१/८२ सम्म ८६.५१ किलोमिटर (सो वर्ष १०.६१ किलोमिटर) मात्र सम्पन्न भई रु. ३ अर्ब ७ करोड खर्च भएको छ। विकास निर्माणका काम तोकिएको समयमा सम्पन्न गर्नुपर्ने महालेखापरीक्षकको सुझाव छ। Office of the Auditor General, Nepal OAG 63rd report, Ministry of Defence chapter, paras 8 and 12–13 (PDF pp. 397 and 399, printed pp. 365 and 367)
Ideas to fix it
- Take a policy decision on deploying army security to commercial bodies beyond the duties set by the Army Act, keep updated records of the bodies served, personnel deployed and amounts due, and collect the revenue.सैनिक ऐनमा तोकिएबाहेकका व्यावसायिक निकायमा सुरक्षाकर्मी खटाउनेबारे नीतिगत निर्णय गरी खटिएका निकाय, सुरक्षाकर्मी र प्राप्त हुनुपर्ने रकमको अद्यावधिक अभिलेख राखी राजस्व आम्दानी गर्ने। Proposed by: Office of the Auditor General (63rd Annual Report) Office of the Auditor General, Nepal
Where does it conflict with other laws?
No conflict with another law is documented in the sources we have reviewed so far.