Act

Public Academy (Government Investment) Management Act, 1994

All laws Acts

Type
Act
Year
२०५० BS · 1994 AD
Status
In force
Category
खण्ड ६: राजश्व तथा आर्थिक प्रशासन · Volume 6: Revenue and Financial Administration
Official text
Official page Official text (PDF)

Analysis drawn from official reports, court rulings and published research, each cited. Figures are being double-checked against the source documents; corrections are welcome.

What does it do?

  • The Act (originally the Privatization Act, renamed in 2081) governs how the government manages its investment in public enterprises — any company, body or industry wholly or partly owned by the government, and their subsidiaries — to raise efficiency, reduce the fiscal and administrative burden on the state and widen private-sector participation. 'Government investment management' covers selling shares or assets, leasing, management contracts, private participation, asset monetisation and other methods the government approves.मूल रूपमा निजीकरण ऐन, २०५० का नाममा आएको र २०८१ को संशोधनबाट नाम फेरिएको यस ऐनले सरकारको पूर्ण वा आंशिक स्वामित्व भएका कम्पनी, संगठित संस्था वा उद्योग (र तिनका सहायक) मा रहेको सरकारी लगानीको व्यवस्थापन गर्ने प्रक्रिया तोक्छ, जसको उद्देश्य दक्षता बढाउने, राज्यमाथिको वित्तीय र प्रशासनिक भार घटाउने र निजी क्षेत्रको सहभागिता बढाउने हो। सरकारी लगानी व्यवस्थापन भन्नाले शेयर वा सम्पत्ति बिक्री, भाडा, व्यवस्थापन करार, निजी सहभागिता, सम्पत्ति मौद्रिकीकरण र सरकारले उपयुक्त ठानेका अन्य विधि पर्छन्। Nepal Law Commission (lawcommission.gov.np), consolidated official text Preamble, pp. 1–2; Section 2, p. 2; Section 8, pp. 8–9
  • A Government Investment Management Committee chaired by the Finance Minister — with the chair of the House Finance Committee, two MPs nominated by the government, a National Planning Commission member, secretaries of the finance, law, labour and line ministries, and the FNCCI president — identifies enterprises, sets priorities, has them valued and recommends the method to the government. An implementation committee and a unit in the Finance Ministry's corporation coordination division carry out its decisions and monitor enterprises at least once a year.अर्थमन्त्रीको अध्यक्षतामा प्रतिनिधि सभाको अर्थ समितिका सभापति, सरकारले मनोनीत गरेका दुई सांसद, राष्ट्रिय योजना आयोगका सदस्य, अर्थ, कानून, श्रम र सम्बन्धित मन्त्रालयका सचिव तथा नेपाल उद्योग वाणिज्य महासंघका अध्यक्ष रहेको सरकारी लगानी व्यवस्थापन समितिले प्रतिष्ठान पहिचान गर्छ, प्राथमिकता तोक्छ, मूल्याङ्कन गराई प्रक्रिया सिफारिस गर्छ। समितिका निर्णय कार्यान्वयन गर्न कार्यान्वयन समिति र अर्थ मन्त्रालयको संस्थान समन्वय महाशाखामा सरकारी लगानी व्यवस्थापन इकाई रहन्छन्, जसले वर्षमा कम्तीमा एक पटक अनुगमन गर्छन्। Nepal Law Commission (lawcommission.gov.np), consolidated official text Sections 3–5ग, pp. 3–7
  • Enterprises are valued by domestic (or, if needed, foreign) experts; proposals are invited by public notice in a national newspaper and judged on the attractiveness of the price and other set criteria; and the resulting agreement must state payment terms, the handover timetable and conditions, with a summary published within a month. Workers' service and benefits may be carried over to the new owner, or otherwise compensated as the Act provides. Disputes go to arbitration in Kathmandu under Nepali law (under the arbitration law or UNCITRAL rules).प्रतिष्ठानको मूल्याङ्कन स्वदेशी (आवश्यक परे विदेशी समेत) विशेषज्ञबाट गराइन्छ; राष्ट्रिय पत्रपत्रिकामा सूचना प्रकाशन गरी प्रस्ताव आह्वान गरिन्छ र आकर्षक मूल्य लगायतका आधारमा मूल्याङ्कन गरिन्छ; सम्झौतामा भुक्तानीका शर्त, हस्तान्तरणको समयावधि र अन्य शर्त स्पष्ट उल्लेख गर्नुपर्छ र एक महिनाभित्र सारांश सार्वजनिक गर्नुपर्छ। कामदारको सेवा र सुविधा नयाँ लगानीकर्ताको प्रतिष्ठानमा सार्न सकिन्छ, नसकिए ऐनबमोजिम क्षतिपूर्ति दिइन्छ। विवाद काठमाडौंमा नेपाल कानूनअनुसार मध्यस्थताबाट (मध्यस्थता कानून वा अनसिट्रल नियमअनुसार) समाधान गरिन्छ। Nepal Law Commission (lawcommission.gov.np), consolidated official text Sections 7, 9–11, 13–14, pp. 8–11
  • Notwithstanding other laws, the government may dissolve a wholly government-owned enterprise by Gazette notice when managing its investment, set a separate winding-up procedure, recover amounts owed as government dues, and transfer its assets and liabilities or (on the Committee's recommendation) write off unusable assets and unrecoverable liabilities.प्रचलित कानूनमा जुनसुकै कुरा लेखिएको भए पनि सरकारले पूर्ण सरकारी स्वामित्वको प्रतिष्ठानमा लगानी व्यवस्थापन गर्दा राजपत्रमा सूचना प्रकाशन गरी त्यसलाई खारेज गर्न, खारेजीको छुट्टै प्रक्रिया तोक्न, उठ्न बाँकी रकम सरकारी बाँकीसरह असुल गर्न, र सम्पत्ति तथा दायित्व अन्य निकायमा सार्न वा समितिको सिफारिसमा काम नलाग्ने सम्पत्ति र उठ्न नसक्ने दायित्व मिनाहा गर्न सक्छ। Nepal Law Commission (lawcommission.gov.np), consolidated official text Section 16, p. 12

Gaps, loopholes and improvement ideas

  • Not enforced The Auditor General's 63rd report found that 6 of the 18 privatised enterprises have closed, and that although it was decided long ago to dissolve 12 of the 30 enterprises selected for divestment, their accounts had not been settled under the law except for Agricultural Lime Industry. The HLERC report similarly notes that of the 12 public enterprises dissolved under the Privatization Act, only one (Agricultural Lime Industry) had been deregistered at the Company Registrar's Office.महालेखापरीक्षकको ६३औँ प्रतिवेदनअनुसार निजीकरण भएका १८ संस्थानमध्ये ६ बन्द छन्, र विनिवेशका लागि छनोट भएका ३० मध्ये १२ लाई खारेज गर्ने निर्णय भएको लामो समय बितिसक्दा पनि कृषि चुन उद्योगबाहेक अरूको कानूनबमोजिम हिसाब राफसाफ भएको छैन। उच्चस्तरीय आर्थिक सुधार सुझाव आयोगको प्रतिवेदनले पनि निजीकरण ऐनबमोजिम खारेज भएका १२ संस्थानमध्ये एउटा (कृषि चुन उद्योग) मात्र कम्पनी रजिस्ट्रारको कार्यालयमा दर्ता खारेज भएको उल्लेख गरेको छ। Office of the Auditor General, Nepal · High-Level Economic Reform Commission (उच्चस्तरीय आर्थिक सुधार सुझाव आयोग), submitted to the Ministry of Finance OAG 63rd report, Ministry of Finance chapter, para 33, PDF p. 144 (printed p. 112); HLERC report, public enterprises chapter, PDF p. 179 (printed p. 112); Act Section 16, p. 12
  • Capacity The Auditor General's 62nd report found that the government still showed Rs 1.3155 arba of share investment in 21 privatised enterprises and Rs 3.1355 arba of loans in 16, with the principal and Rs 3.5103 arba of interest overdue, and that it had put a further Rs 5.5137 arba into paying the liabilities of 15 privatised enterprises.महालेखापरीक्षकको ६२औँ प्रतिवेदनअनुसार निजीकरण भएका २१ संस्थानमा रु. १ अर्ब ३१ करोड ५५ लाख शेयर लगानी र १६ संस्थानमा रु. ३ अर्ब १३ करोड ५५ लाख ऋण लगानी अझै देखिन्छ, जसको साँवा र रु. ३ अर्ब ५१ करोड ३ लाख ब्याजको भाखा नाघेको छ; निजीकरण भएका १५ संस्थानको दायित्व भुक्तानी गर्न सरकारले थप रु. ५ अर्ब ५१ करोड ३७ लाख लगानी गरेको छ। Office of the Auditor General, Nepal OAG 62nd report, consolidated financial statement chapter, para 24, PDF p. 52

Ideas to fix it

  • The Auditor General recommends completing the divestment and dissolution of enterprises found not to be relevant through a time-bound action plan, and settling the accounts of the enterprises already decided for dissolution without delay.सान्दर्भिक नदेखिएका संस्थानको विनिवेश र खारेजी प्रक्रिया समयबद्ध कार्ययोजना बनाई सम्पन्न गर्नुपर्ने र खारेजीको निर्णय भइसकेका संस्थानको हिसाब यथाशीघ्र टुंगो लगाउनुपर्ने महालेखापरीक्षकको सुझाव छ। Proposed by: Office of the Auditor General (63rd Annual Report) Office of the Auditor General, Nepal

Where does it conflict with other laws?

No conflict with another law is documented in the sources we have reviewed so far.

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