- Type
- Act
- Year
- २०४९ BS · 1993 AD
- Status
- In force
- Category
- खण्ड १५: स्वास्थ्य · Volume 15: Health
- Official text
- Official page Official text (PDF)
- English translation
- Official English translation archived copy: the original page is no longer online
Includes amendments up to: 2066 BS. Translations may not include later amendments. The Nepali text is the authoritative law.
Analysis drawn from official reports, court rulings and published research, each cited. Figures are being double-checked against the source documents; corrections are welcome.
What does it do?
- The Act sets up the B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences in Dharan, Sunsari, as an autonomous body. Its aims are to make Nepal increasingly self-reliant in health by training doctors, nurses and other health workers from certificate to doctoral level, to provide quality health services, to carry out health research, to become a national centre of excellence for the research and treatment of infectious and dangerous diseases, and to serve as a national resource centre for training health science teachers.यो ऐनले सुनसरीको धरानमा वी.पी. कोईराला स्वास्थ्य विज्ञान प्रतिष्ठानलाई स्वायत्त संस्थाका रूपमा स्थापना गरेको छ। चिकित्सा, नर्सिङ र स्वास्थ्यका अन्य विषयमा प्रमाणपत्रदेखि विद्यावारिधि तहसम्मको शिक्षा दिएर देशलाई स्वास्थ्य क्षेत्रमा क्रमशः आत्मनिर्भर बनाउनु, स्तरीय स्वास्थ्य सेवा दिनु, स्वास्थ्य अनुसन्धान गर्नु, सरुवा र खतरनाक रोगको अनुसन्धान र उपचारमा राष्ट्रियस्तरको उत्कृष्ट केन्द्र बन्नु, र स्वास्थ्य विज्ञानका शिक्षकको तालिमका लागि राष्ट्रिय स्रोत केन्द्रका रूपमा काम गर्नु यसको उद्देश्य हो। Nepal Law Commission, Government of Nepal Sections 3–5, pp. 2–3
- The Institute runs teaching, training and research, sets curricula, holds examinations and awards degrees from bachelor's to doctoral level, sets academic and service fees, gives scholarships and awards, and may set up an endowment fund. Its degrees are recognised under the Nepal Medical Council Act, 2020 (1964). It must work in line with the government's national health and education policy and follow the government's directions.प्रतिष्ठानले अध्ययन, अध्यापन, तालिम र अनुसन्धान सञ्चालन गर्छ, पाठ्यक्रम बनाउँछ, परीक्षा लिन्छ र स्नातकदेखि विद्यावारिधिसम्मका उपाधि दिन्छ, शैक्षिक र सेवा शुल्क तोक्छ, छात्रवृत्ति र पुरस्कार दिन्छ, र अक्षयकोष खडा गर्न सक्छ। यसले दिएका उपाधिको मान्यता नेपाल मेडिकल काउन्सिल ऐन, २०२० बमोजिम हुन्छ। प्रतिष्ठानले नेपाल सरकारको राष्ट्रिय स्वास्थ्य र शिक्षा नीतिअनुरूप काम गर्नुपर्छ र सरकारको निर्देशन पालना गर्नुपर्छ। Nepal Law Commission, Government of Nepal Section 6, pp. 3–5; Sections 16–17, pp. 10–11; Sections 20–20A, p. 11
- A Governing Council chaired by the Pro-Chancellor (the health minister) sets policy, makes rules and approves plans and the annual budget; it includes the National Planning Commission member for health, the secretaries of the health, education and finance ministries, the dean of the Institute of Medicine, the chairs of the Nepal Health Research Council and Nepal Medical Council, the mayor of Dharan, the Institute's senior officials and nominated experts, with the Vice-Chancellor as member-secretary, and meets at least twice a year. An Executive Committee chaired by the Vice-Chancellor runs day-to-day work.सहकुलपति (स्वास्थ्यमन्त्री) को अध्यक्षतामा रहने सञ्चालक परिषद्ले नीति तय गर्छ, नियम बनाउँछ र योजना तथा वार्षिक बजेट स्वीकृत गर्छ। परिषद्मा स्वास्थ्य क्षेत्र हेर्ने राष्ट्रिय योजना आयोगका सदस्य, स्वास्थ्य, शिक्षा र अर्थ मन्त्रालयका सचिव, चिकित्सा शास्त्र अध्ययन संस्थानका डीन, नेपाल स्वास्थ्य अनुसन्धान परिषद् र नेपाल मेडिकल काउन्सिलका अध्यक्ष, धरान नगरपालिकाका प्रमुख, प्रतिष्ठानका पदाधिकारी र मनोनीत विज्ञ रहन्छन्; उपकुलपति सदस्य–सचिव हुन्छन् र परिषद्को बैठक वर्षमा कम्तीमा दुई पटक बस्छ। दैनिक काम उपकुलपतिको अध्यक्षतामा रहने कार्यकारिणी समितिले गर्छ। Nepal Law Commission, Government of Nepal Sections 7–10, pp. 5–8
- The Prime Minister is Chancellor and the health minister is Pro-Chancellor. The Chancellor appoints the full-time Vice-Chancellor for a renewable four-year term on the recommendation of a committee chaired by the Pro-Chancellor (as revised in 2083), and the Pro-Chancellor appoints the Rector, Registrar and Hospital Director. These officials can be removed by a majority vote of the Council after an inquiry in which they are heard. All teachers and staff must be non-practising: they may not do private medical practice, private tuition or other private business.प्रधानमन्त्री कुलपति र स्वास्थ्यमन्त्री सहकुलपति हुन्छन्। सहकुलपतिको अध्यक्षतामा गठित समितिको सिफारिसमा कुलपतिले पूरा समय काम गर्ने उपकुलपति चार वर्षका लागि नियुक्त गर्छन् र पदावधि थप हुन सक्छ (२०८३ को संशोधनअनुसार); शिक्षाध्यक्ष, रजिस्ट्रार र अस्पताल निर्देशक सहकुलपतिले नियुक्त गर्छन्। छानबिन गरी सफाइको मौका दिएपछि परिषद्को बहुमतबाट यी पदाधिकारीलाई हटाउन सकिन्छ। प्रतिष्ठानका सबै शिक्षक र कर्मचारी ‘नन्–प्राक्टिसिङ’ हुन्छन्: उनीहरूले निजी चिकित्सा, निजी ट्युसन वा अन्य निजी व्यवसाय गर्न पाउँदैनन्। Nepal Law Commission, Government of Nepal Sections 11–11D, pp. 8–9; Section 12, pp. 9–10
- The Institute's fund is made up of government money, loans, donations and grants (foreign money needs government approval), and academic and service fees. Its accounts are audited by the Auditor General's office or an auditor it appoints, and the Vice-Chancellor must present an annual report to the Council within three months of the end of the fiscal year. Imported construction materials and machinery, scholarships and awards, donations and registration are exempt from customs duty, sales tax and similar taxes.प्रतिष्ठानको कोषमा सरकारबाट प्राप्त रकम, ऋण, चन्दा, अनुदान (विदेशी रकमका लागि सरकारको स्वीकृति चाहिन्छ) र शैक्षिक तथा सेवा शुल्क रहन्छ। लेखापरीक्षण महालेखापरीक्षकको विभाग वा उसले नियुक्त गरेको लेखापरीक्षकबाट हुन्छ, र उपकुलपतिले आर्थिक वर्ष सकिएको तीन महिनाभित्र वार्षिक प्रतिवेदन परिषद्समक्ष पेस गर्नुपर्छ। विदेशबाट झिकाइने निर्माण सामग्री र मेसिनरी, छात्रवृत्ति र पुरस्कार, दान–अनुदान र रजिस्ट्रेसनमा भन्सार, बिक्री करजस्ता कर लाग्दैनन्। Nepal Law Commission, Government of Nepal Sections 14–15, p. 10; Section 18, p. 11; Section 21, p. 11
Gaps, loopholes and improvement ideas
- Capacity Key facilities have not been delivered despite funding. The Auditor General reported in 2080/81 that the Institute's MRI machine had been out of order for four years and patients were being sent elsewhere even though the ministry had released Rs 310 million the year before to buy a new one; that 20 of its 87 ICU beds (set up for COVID) were not in use; that an oncology building had not been built although the government released Rs 216.7 million in 2074/75; that an oxygen plant was not operating; and that an organisation and management survey had not been done. A 400-bed maternal and child hospital contracted on 2073/03/28 for completion in three years (originally about Rs 2.18 billion, later revised to about Rs 2.46 billion) was still unfinished in 2081/82, at 90 per cent physical progress, with its deadline extended to the end of Poush 2082.रकम निकासा भए पनि प्रमुख सुविधा उपलब्ध हुन सकेका छैनन्। महालेखापरीक्षकका अनुसार २०८०/८१ मा प्रतिष्ठानको एमआरआई मेसिन चार वर्षदेखि बिग्रेको थियो र नयाँ मेसिन किन्न मन्त्रालयले अघिल्लो वर्ष रु. ३१ करोड निकासा गरे पनि खरिद नहुँदा बिरामीलाई बाहिर पठाउनुपरेको थियो; कोभिडका लागि बनेका ८७ मध्ये २० आईसीयू बेड सञ्चालनमा थिएनन्; २०७४/७५ मा रु. २१ करोड ६७ लाख निकासा भए पनि अंकोलोजी भवन बनेको थिएन; अक्सिजन प्लान्ट चलेको थिएन; र सङ्गठन तथा व्यवस्थापन सर्वेक्षण भएको थिएन। २०७३/०३/२८ मा तीन वर्षभित्र सक्ने गरी सम्झौता भएको (सुरुमा करिब रु. २ अर्ब १८ करोड, पछि संशोधित करिब रु. २ अर्ब ४६ करोड) ४०० शय्याको मातृ–शिशु अस्पताल भवन २०८१/८२ सम्म पनि ९० प्रतिशत भौतिक प्रगतिमै थियो र म्याद २०८२ पुस मसान्तसम्म थपिएको थियो। Office of the Auditor General, Nepal · Office of the Auditor General, Nepal OAG 62nd Annual Report, MoHP chapter, B.P. Koirala Institute paras 57 and 61, printed pp. 592–594 (PDF pp. 622–624); OAG 63rd Annual Report, MoHP chapter, para 57, printed pp. 540–541 (PDF pp. 572–573)
- Capacity Teaching capacity is not fully used. The Auditor General found in 2081/82 that, based on its facilities, patient load and staffing, the Institute could teach 150 MBBS and 60 BDS students, but only 100 and 49 respectively were enrolled. It also found doctor and nurse to patient ratios below World Health Organization norms.अध्यापन क्षमता पूरा उपयोग भएको छैन। महालेखापरीक्षकका अनुसार २०८१/८२ मा भौतिक अवस्था, बिरामीको चाप र जनशक्तिका आधारमा प्रतिष्ठानले एमबीबीएसमा १५० र बीडीएसमा ६० विद्यार्थी पढाउन सक्ने क्षमता भए पनि क्रमशः १०० र ४९ विद्यार्थी मात्र अध्ययनरत थिए। चिकित्सक र नर्सको बिरामीसँगको अनुपात पनि विश्व स्वास्थ्य सङ्गठनको मापदण्डअनुरूप नभएको उल्लेख छ। Office of the Auditor General, Nepal · Nepal Law Commission, Government of Nepal OAG 63rd Annual Report, MoHP chapter, paras 56 and 60, printed pp. 540–541 (PDF pp. 572–573); Act s. 5(ka), p. 3
- Not enforced Financial controls need strengthening. The Auditor General reported that an internal three-member inquiry found a software company had misappropriated Rs 3.587 million of hospital revenue that the billing software showed as collected but that had not reached the bank; the money was deposited after the audit raised it, but no further investigation was carried out (2080/81). In 2081/82 it found the Institute's financial statements were not prepared according to approved accounting standards.आर्थिक नियन्त्रण सुदृढ गर्नुपर्ने देखिएको छ। महालेखापरीक्षकका अनुसार बिलिङ सफ्टवेयरमा उठेको देखिएको तर बैङ्कमा जम्मा नभएको अस्पताल आम्दानीमध्ये रु. ३५ लाख ८७ हजार सफ्टवेयर कम्पनीले अपचलन गरेको आन्तरिक तीन सदस्यीय छानबिन समितिले उल्लेख गरेको थियो; लेखापरीक्षणले औँल्याएपछि रकम बैङ्कमा जम्मा भए पनि थप छानबिन भएन (२०८०/८१)। २०८१/८२ मा प्रतिष्ठानले स्वीकृत लेखामानअनुसार वित्तीय विवरण तयार नगरेको पनि महालेखापरीक्षकले औँल्याएको छ। Office of the Auditor General, Nepal · Office of the Auditor General, Nepal OAG 62nd Annual Report, MoHP chapter, para 60, printed p. 593 (PDF p. 623); OAG 63rd Annual Report, MoHP chapter, para 54, printed p. 539 (PDF p. 571); Act s. 15, p. 10
Ideas to fix it
- Run the Institute's academic and health service activities at full capacity, and manage health workers in line with international (WHO) norms.प्रतिष्ठानका शैक्षिक तथा स्वास्थ्य सेवासम्बन्धी गतिविधि पूर्ण क्षमतामा सञ्चालन गर्ने, र अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय (विश्व स्वास्थ्य सङ्गठनको) मापदण्डअनुरूप स्वास्थ्यकर्मीको व्यवस्थापन गर्ने। Proposed by: Office of the Auditor General (63rd Annual Report) Office of the Auditor General, Nepal
- Investigate the revenue misappropriation under the law and take the necessary action.आम्दानी अपचलनबारे प्रचलित कानूनबमोजिम छानबिन गरी आवश्यक कारबाही गर्ने। Proposed by: Office of the Auditor General (62nd Annual Report) Office of the Auditor General, Nepal
Where does it conflict with other laws?
No conflict with another law is documented in the sources we have reviewed so far.