English title translated by Policy Nepal for navigation. The Nepali legal text is authoritative.
- Type
- Act
- Year
- २०२३ BS
- Status
- Repealed
- Official text
- Official page Official text (PDF) Official text (PDF)
Nepali checked by an AI editor; native review pending
The explanation below cites its sources. A summary does not establish that gaps or conflicts have been fully reviewed. Corrections with supporting sources are welcome.
What does it do?
- This historical Act sought to protect public health by controlling adulteration and maintaining food quality. Published on 2023/05/24 BS, it commenced in areas and on dates specified through Gazette notices rather than everywhere immediately. This explanation uses the department's consolidation listing amendments through 2075/11/19 BS. The catalogue records the Act as repealed; these provisions are not a current business-licensing or food-safety compliance checklist.यो ऐतिहासिक ऐनले मिसावट नियन्त्रण र खाद्य पदार्थको गुणस्तर कायम गरी जनस्वास्थ्य संरक्षण गर्ने उद्देश्य राखेको थियो। २०२३/०५/२४ मा प्रकाशित यो ऐन एकैपटक सबै क्षेत्रमा लागू नभई राजपत्रको सूचनाले तोकेका क्षेत्र र मितिबाट प्रारम्भ हुने व्यवस्था थियो। यो व्याख्या विभागले उपलब्ध गराएको २०७५/११/१९ सम्मका संशोधन सूचीबद्ध सङ्कलित पाठमा आधारित छ। सूचीमा ऐन खारेज भएको जनाइएको छ; यी व्यवस्था अहिलेको व्यवसाय इजाजत वा खाद्य स्वच्छता अनुपालनको जाँचसूची होइनन्। Department of Food Technology and Quality Control / Nepal Law Commission Source accessed 2026-10-21 Preamble, amendment list and section 1, PDF page 1; commencement notes, pages 6–7
- Food includes ordinary food and drink in different stages of processing, as well as spices, additives, colours and flavourings. Section 2 distinguishes contaminated food that can harm health from substandard food whose composition or quality falls outside the required standard. A mixture of two or more foods is not treated as substandard under the composition clause when the ingredients' names and quantities are clearly stated and it does not harm health. That exception should not be read as permission to ignore other quality standards.खाद्य पदार्थमा विभिन्न प्रशोधन अवस्थाका खानेकुरा र पेयसँगै मसला, खाद्य योगशील, रङ र सुगन्ध पनि पर्छन्। दफा २ ले स्वास्थ्यलाई हानि गर्न सक्ने दूषित खाद्य पदार्थ र आवश्यक संरचना वा गुणस्तरभन्दा फरक न्यूनस्तरको खाद्य पदार्थ छुट्याएको छ। दुई वा बढी खाद्य पदार्थको मिश्रणमा तिनका नाम र परिमाण स्पष्ट उल्लेख भएको र स्वास्थ्यलाई हानि नगर्ने अवस्थामा संरचनासम्बन्धी उक्त व्यवस्थाअन्तर्गत न्यूनस्तरको मानिँदैन। यस अपवादलाई अन्य गुणस्तर पालना नगर्ने अनुमति मान्नु हुँदैन। Department of Food Technology and Quality Control / Nepal Law Commission Source accessed 2026-10-21 Section 2(a)–(c), PDF pages 2–3
- Sections 3 and 4 prohibit producing, selling, distributing, exporting, importing or holding contaminated or substandard food for those purposes, and prohibit deceptive sale or adulteration. A prescribed officer may seal suspected food and leave it in its owner's custody against a receipt. Confiscation under section 4A follows a final determination that the food is contaminated or substandard and an order considering the defect and possible harm; suspicion alone is not the final confiscation decision.दफा ३ र ४ ले दूषित वा न्यूनस्तरको खाद्य पदार्थ उत्पादन, बिक्री वितरण, निकासी, पैठारी वा ती प्रयोजनका लागि राख्न तथा झुक्याएर वा मिसावट गरी बिक्री वितरण गर्न निषेध गरेका छन्। तोकिएको अधिकारीले शङ्कास्पद खाद्य पदार्थ सिलबन्दी गरी भरपाई लिएर धनीकै जिम्मामा रोक्का राख्न सक्छ। दफा ४क अन्तर्गत जफत गर्न खाद्य पदार्थ दूषित वा न्यूनस्तरको भएको अन्तिम निर्णय र दोष तथा सम्भावित हानि विचार गरी आदेश चाहिन्छ; शङ्का मात्र अन्तिम जफतको निर्णय होइन। Department of Food Technology and Quality Control / Nepal Law Commission Source accessed 2026-10-21 Sections 3, 4 and 4A, PDF page 3
- Section 4B requires the prescribed licence for producing, selling, distributing, storing or processing specified foods. Its limited exception concerns retailers of sealed food who hold the prescribed guarantee from a licensed manufacturer or wholesaler. Standards are set through government orders published in the Gazette; testing is conducted through the prescribed laboratory and reported by its designated officer. The Act also permits a food-standard committee and rules on laboratories, inspectors, labels and additives, so the short Act alone does not supply every technical requirement.दफा ४ख ले तोकिएका खाद्य पदार्थ उत्पादन, बिक्री वितरण, सञ्चय वा प्रशोधन गर्न तोकिएबमोजिम अनुमतिपत्र लिनुपर्ने व्यवस्था गरेको छ। यसको सीमित अपवाद इजाजतप्राप्त उत्पादक वा थोक बिक्रेताबाट तोकिएबमोजिम जमानतपत्र लिएका सिलबन्दी खाद्य पदार्थका खुद्रा बिक्रेतासम्बन्धी हो। गुणस्तर सरकारी आदेशबाट तोकी राजपत्रमा प्रकाशित गरिन्छ; परीक्षण तोकिएको प्रयोगशालाबाट गराई तोकिएको अधिकारीको प्रतिवेदन लिइन्छ। ऐनले खाद्यस्तर निर्धारण समिति र प्रयोगशाला, निरीक्षक, लेबल तथा योगशीलसम्बन्धी नियमको पनि व्यवस्था गरेकाले छोटो ऐनमै सबै प्राविधिक आवश्यकता समेटिएका छैनन्। Department of Food Technology and Quality Control / Nepal Law Commission Source accessed 2026-10-21 Sections 4B, 7–9 and 13, PDF pages 3–6
- In the reviewed amended text, violations of sections 3 or 4 can attract up to five years' imprisonment, a fine up to Rs 50,000, or both. Other violations carry a separate fine provision, and an offender who causes harm or loss must also provide reasonable compensation to the affected victim. Section 6 addresses responsibility of a firm's partners or an organisation's chief administrative officer, with exceptions for acts before taking that role or where lack of opportunity to know of the violation is proved. The older copy's separate penalty bands must not be substituted for this amended section 5.जाँचिएको संशोधित पाठमा दफा ३ वा ४ विपरीतको काममा पाँच वर्षसम्म कैद वा पचास हजार रुपैयाँसम्म जरिवाना वा दुवै सजाय हुन सक्छ। अन्य उल्लङ्घनका लागि छुट्टै जरिवानाको व्यवस्था छ र कसूरबाट हानि वा नोक्सानी भए सम्बन्धित पीडितलाई मनासिब क्षतिपूर्ति पनि भराउनुपर्छ। दफा ६ ले फर्मका हिस्सेदार वा संस्थाको मुख्य प्रशासकीय अधिकारीको जिम्मेवारी समेट्छ; उक्त भूमिकामा आउनुअघिको काम वा उल्लङ्घन थाहा पाउन सक्ने अवस्था नरहेको प्रमाणित भए अपवाद छ। पुरानो संस्करणमा रहेका अलग सजायका तहलाई यस संशोधित दफा ५ को सट्टा प्रयोग गर्नु हुँदैन। Department of Food Technology and Quality Control / Nepal Law Commission Source accessed 2026-10-21 Sections 5–6 and 2074 amendment footnote, PDF pages 3–4
- Section 9A, added by the 2075 amendment, allows provincial and local governments to monitor and inspect within their areas for specified food-quality and deceptive-sale problems. Their assigned officers or inspectors may exercise the section 4A and section 8 powers, must inform the investigating officer, and must refer cases requiring prosecution to the competent investigation and prosecution authority. Inspection power is therefore distinct from the power to adjudicate an offence.२०७५ को संशोधनबाट थपिएको दफा ९क ले प्रदेश र स्थानीय तहलाई आफ्नो क्षेत्रमा तोकिएका खाद्य गुणस्तर तथा झुक्याएर बिक्रीसम्बन्धी विषयमा अनुगमन र निरीक्षण गर्न दिन्छ। खटिएका अधिकृत वा निरीक्षकले दफा ४क र दफा ८ का अधिकार प्रयोग गर्न सक्छन्, अनुसन्धान अधिकारीलाई जानकारी दिनुपर्छ र मुद्दा चलाउनुपर्ने विषय सम्बन्धित अनुसन्धान तथा अभियोजन अधिकारीसमक्ष पठाउनुपर्छ। त्यसैले निरीक्षण गर्ने अधिकार र कसूरको फैसला गर्ने अधिकार फरक हुन्। Department of Food Technology and Quality Control / Nepal Law Commission Source accessed 2026-10-21 Section 9A and amendment footnote, PDF pages 4–5
- The government prosecutes cases under the Act. In this consolidation, the District Court hears offences punishable under section 5(1), while the Chief District Officer hears the other offences. Section 12 provides a 35-day appeal period for decisions under section 11 and specifically sends appeals from the Chief District Officer to the District Court. These historical forum and deadline provisions need the relevant later law and transitional rules checked before use in any present dispute.यस ऐनअन्तर्गतका मुद्दा नेपाल सरकार वादी भई चल्छन्। यस सङ्कलित पाठमा दफा ५(१) अन्तर्गत सजाय हुने कसूर जिल्ला अदालतले र अन्य कसूर प्रमुख जिल्ला अधिकारीले हेर्ने व्यवस्था छ। दफा १२ ले दफा ११ अन्तर्गतको निर्णयमा पैँतीस दिनभित्र पुनरावेदन गर्न सकिने र प्रमुख जिल्ला अधिकारीको निर्णयउपर जिल्ला अदालतमा पुनरावेदन लाग्ने व्यवस्था गरेको छ। अहिलेको विवादमा यी ऐतिहासिक निकाय वा म्याद प्रयोग गर्नुअघि सम्बन्धित पछिल्लो कानून र सङ्क्रमणकालीन व्यवस्था जाँच्नुपर्छ। Department of Food Technology and Quality Control / Nepal Law Commission Source accessed 2026-10-21 Sections 10–12, PDF page 5
Gaps, loopholes and improvement ideas
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Where does it conflict with other laws?
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How we know this
- Nepal Law Commission (नेपाल कानून आयोग)नेपाल कानून आयोग: खारेज भएका कानून (Repealed laws) — lists it as repealed Checked 2026-10-18
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