- Type
- Act
- Year
- २०१९ BS · 1963 AD
- Status
- In force
- Category
- खण्ड ९: पर्यटन, श्रम तथा यातायात · Volume 9: Tourism, Labor and Transport
- Official text
- Official page Official text (PDF)
- English translation
- Official English translation archived copy: the original page is no longer online
Includes amendments up to: 2066 BS. Translations may not include later amendments. The Nepali text is the authoritative law.
Analysis drawn from official reports, court rulings and published research, each cited. Figures are being double-checked against the source documents; corrections are welcome.
What does it do?
- The Act establishes Nepal Airlines Corporation (formerly Royal Nepal Airlines Corporation) as an autonomous corporate body with perpetual succession, headquartered in Kathmandu or wherever the government decides, which may open branches in Nepal and abroad. Its duty is to provide safe, efficient, well-organised and economical air transport inside and outside Nepal at fares as reasonable as possible.यो ऐनले नेपाल वायुसेवा निगम (साबिकको शाही नेपाल वायुसेवा निगम) लाई अविच्छिन्न उत्तराधिकारवाला स्वशासित सङ्गठित संस्थाका रूपमा स्थापना गरेको छ; यसको प्रधान कार्यालय काठमाडौं वा सरकारले तोकेको ठाउँमा रहन्छ र नेपालभित्र तथा बाहिर शाखा खोल्न सक्छ। नेपालभित्र र बाहिर सकेसम्म सुपथ भाडामा सुरक्षित, कुशल, सुव्यवस्थित र किफायती हवाई यातायात सेवा उपलब्ध गराउनु निगमको कर्तव्य हो। Nepal Law Commission Section 3, pp. 3–4; Section 13(1), p. 9
- The government appoints a board of up to seven members including the general manager, and may include non-government experts in commerce, finance, accounting, aviation or tourism. Directors serve four years but the government may remove any of them before the term ends. The government may give the Corporation any direction it considers necessary in the national interest, without consulting it, and the Corporation must comply. The chair must evaluate directors' performance each year and report to the government.महाप्रबन्धकसहित बढीमा सात सदस्य रहने सञ्चालक समिति नेपाल सरकारले गठन गर्छ, जसमा वाणिज्य, अर्थ, लेखा, उड्डयन वा पर्यटन क्षेत्रका गैरसरकारी विज्ञ पनि राख्न सकिन्छ। सञ्चालकको पदावधि चार वर्षको हुन्छ, तर सरकारले चाहेमा अवधि नसकिँदै हटाउन सक्छ। राष्ट्रहितलाई ध्यानमा राखी सरकारले निगमको राय नलिई आवश्यक निर्देशन दिन सक्छ र त्यसको पालना गर्नु निगमको कर्तव्य हुन्छ। अध्यक्षले हरेक वर्ष सञ्चालकको कामको मूल्याङ्कन गरी सरकारमा प्रतिवेदन दिनुपर्छ। Nepal Law Commission Section 4, p. 4; Section 7, p. 6
- The Corporation may run commercial air services, train aviation staff, make and repair aircraft parts, act as agent for other airlines and run related hotel and ground services. Passenger fares and cargo rates require the government's prior approval, and it may borrow by mortgaging its property.निगमले व्यापारिक हवाई सेवा सञ्चालन, उड्डयनसम्बन्धी तालिम, वायुयानका पुर्जा निर्माण र मर्मत, अरू हवाई सेवाको एजेन्ट तथा होटल र भूमिगत सेवाजस्ता सम्बन्धित काम गर्न सक्छ। यात्रु भाडा र मालसामानको भाडा तोक्न नेपाल सरकारको पूर्वस्वीकृति चाहिन्छ, र निगमले आफ्नो सम्पत्ति धितो राखी ऋण लिन सक्छ। Nepal Law Commission Section 13(2), pp. 9–11; Section 14, pp. 11–12
- From a date the government sets by gazette notice, only the Corporation (or its partners) may run scheduled air services into, out of or within Nepal, except operators the government licenses for a set period until the Corporation can meet demand, services under bilateral agreements, training flights, disaster relief, and sightseeing, firefighting or crop-spraying flights. Running a scheduled service in breach of this is punishable by a fine of up to Rs 1,000 or up to one year's imprisonment per flight. The Corporation may be dissolved only by government order.सरकारले राजपत्रमा सूचना प्रकाशित गरी तोकेको मितिदेखि निगम वा त्यसको सहकारीबाहेक अरूले नेपाल आउने, जाने वा नेपालभित्र निर्धारित (सेड्युल्ड) हवाई सेवा चलाउन पाउँदैनन्; तर निगम सक्षम नभएसम्म सरकारले अवधि तोकी इजाजत दिएका सञ्चालक, द्विपक्षीय सम्झौताअनुसारका सेवा, तालिम उडान, दैवी प्रकोपमा राहत उडान, र मनोरञ्जन, आगो निभाउने वा बालीमा रसायन छर्ने उडानलाई यसले रोक्दैन। यसको उल्लङ्घनमा प्रत्येक उडानका लागि एक हजार रुपैयाँसम्म जरिबाना वा एक वर्षसम्म कैद वा दुवै हुन्छ। सरकारको आदेशबिना निगम विघटन हुँदैन। Nepal Law Commission Section 15, pp. 12–13; Section 24, p. 17
Gaps, loopholes and improvement ideas
- Capacity The Corporation's finances are under pressure. The Auditor General's 63rd report found that in 2080/81 operating income fell 11.21% to Rs 20.75 billion, the after-tax loss grew to Rs 2.04 billion, accumulated losses reached Rs 17.68 billion and total equity was negative Rs 6.70 billion. Six of its 13 aircraft (three Y12e, two MA60 and one DHC-6) were not operating, one Y12e having been written off after an accident; grounded aircraft were deteriorating while parking fees added costs. It flew 64.89% of planned international and 57.36% of planned domestic flights, and had not analysed profit and loss by aircraft type or route.निगमको वित्तीय अवस्था दबाबमा छ। महालेखापरीक्षकको त्रिसट्ठीऔँ प्रतिवेदनअनुसार २०८०/८१ मा सञ्चालन आय ११.२१ प्रतिशतले घटेर रु. २० अर्ब ७५ करोड पुग्यो, करपछिको नोक्सानी रु. २ अर्ब ४ करोड पुग्यो, सञ्चित नोक्सानी रु. १७ अर्ब ६८ करोड र कुल इक्विटी रु. ६ अर्ब ७० करोड ऋणात्मक भयो। १३ विमानमध्ये ६ (तीन वाई१२ई, दुई एमए६० र एक डीएचसी-६) सञ्चालनमा थिएनन्, एक वाई१२ई दुर्घटनापछि लगत कट्टा भइसकेको थियो; भुइँमा थन्किएका विमानको अवस्था बिग्रँदै गएको र पार्किङ शुल्कले थप भार परेको छ। निगमले लक्ष्यको ६४.८९ प्रतिशत अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय र ५७.३६ प्रतिशत आन्तरिक उडान मात्र गर्यो, र विमानको प्रकार तथा रुटअनुसार नाफा–नोक्सानी विश्लेषण गरेको छैन। Office of the Auditor General, Nepal · Nepal Law Commission OAG 63rd Annual Report, Nepal Airlines Corporation (2080/81) paras 1, 2, 5 and 6, printed pp. 820–823 (PDF pp. 862–865); Act s. 13(1), p. 9
- Capacity Restructuring has been announced but not carried out. The High-Level Economic Reform Suggestion Commission listed Nepal Airlines among five public enterprises running at a continuous loss and said its market is good but its management has long needed major strengthening. The Auditor General's 63rd report notes that budget-speech policies to divest shares in Nepal Airlines, bring in a strategic partner and set up a holding company had not been implemented.पुनर्संरचनाको घोषणा भए पनि कार्यान्वयन भएको छैन। उच्चस्तरीय आर्थिक सुधार सुझाव आयोगले नेपाल वायुसेवा निगमलाई निरन्तर घाटामा चलिरहेका पाँच सार्वजनिक संस्थानमध्ये एक भनेको छ र यसको बजार राम्रो भए पनि लामो समयदेखि व्यवस्थापनमा ठूलो सुधार आवश्यक रहेको उल्लेख गरेको छ। महालेखापरीक्षकको त्रिसट्ठीऔँ प्रतिवेदनअनुसार बजेट वक्तव्यमा उल्लेख भएका नेपाल वायुसेवा निगमको शेयर विनिवेश, रणनीतिक साझेदार भित्र्याउने र होल्डिङ कम्पनी स्थापना गर्ने नीति हालसम्म कार्यान्वयन भएका छैनन्। High-Level Economic Reform Commission (उच्चस्तरीय आर्थिक सुधार सुझाव आयोग), submitted to the Ministry of Finance · Office of the Auditor General, Nepal HLERC report, public enterprises chapter, situation analysis, printed pp. 111 and 113 (PDF pp. 178 and 180); OAG 63rd Annual Report, Ministry of Finance chapter, para 33, printed p. 112 (PDF p. 144)
Ideas to fix it
- Restructure Nepal Airlines Corporation, bring in an external strategic partner and run it on commercial lines; handing management to a foreign operator for some time may be appropriate to make it commercially viable. The tourism chapter repeats the call for structural reform and a strategic partner to lower airfares for visitors and increase regional flights.नेपाल वायुसेवा निगमको पुनर्संरचना गरी बाह्य रणनीतिक साझेदार भित्र्याएर व्यावसायिक ढङ्गले व्यवस्थापन गर्ने; यसलाई व्यावसायिक बनाउन केही समयका लागि विदेशी व्यवस्थापनलाई दिनु उपयुक्त हुन सक्ने। पर्यटन परिच्छेदमा पनि पर्यटकलाई सस्तो हवाई भाडा उपलब्ध गराउन र क्षेत्रीय उडान बढाउन निगमको संरचनात्मक सुधार र रणनीतिक साझेदारको सुझाव दोहोर्याइएको छ। Proposed by: High-Level Economic Reform Suggestion Commission (2081) High-Level Economic Reform Commission (उच्चस्तरीय आर्थिक सुधार सुझाव आयोग), submitted to the Ministry of Finance
- Improve management efficiency to restore the Corporation's financial health; identify why aircraft are grounded and manage them properly; and set its operating strategy using profit-and-loss analysis by aircraft type and route.व्यवस्थापन दक्षता बढाई निगमको वित्तीय स्थितिमा सुधार ल्याउने; विमान भुइँमा थन्किनुको कारण पहिचान गरी उचित व्यवस्थापन गर्ने; र विमानको प्रकार तथा रुटअनुसार नाफा–नोक्सानी विश्लेषण गरी सञ्चालन रणनीति तय गर्ने। Proposed by: Office of the Auditor General (63rd Annual Report) Office of the Auditor General, Nepal
Where does it conflict with other laws?
No conflict with another law is documented in the sources we have reviewed so far.